How the Brain Evolved LanguageHow can an infinite number of sentences be generated from one human mind? How did language evolve in apes? In this book Donald Loritz addresses these and other fundamental and vexing questions about language, cognition, and the human brain. He starts by tracing how evolution and natural adaptation selected certain features of the brain to perform communication functions, then shows how those features developed into designs for human language. The result -- what Loritz calls an adaptive grammar -- gives a unified explanation of language in the brain and contradicts directly (and controversially) the theory of innateness proposed by, among others, Chomsky and Pinker. |
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Contents
3 | |
Joness Theory of Evolution | 21 |
The Communicating Cell | 36 |
The Society of Brain | 52 |
Adaptive Resonance | 74 |
Speech and Hearing | 90 |
Speech Perception | 109 |
One Two Three | 123 |
Romiet and Juleo | 133 |
Null Movement | 143 |
Truth and Consequences | 161 |
What If Language Is Learned hy Brain Cells? | 171 |
NOTES | 195 |
203 | |
219 | |
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Common terms and phrases
activated adaptive grammar aphasia arcuate fasciculus auditory axon collaterals behavior brain cells Broca's area cell body cerebellar cerebellum cerebral cortex cerebrum chapter child Chomsky cochlea cochlear nucleus cognitive complex dendrites deperseverated depolarization develop dipole dipole rebounds disorders English equation evolved example excitatory feedback figure formant frequency Grossberg gyrus hemisphere hippocampus Homo loquens human inferior colliculus inhibition inhibitory cells input language learning later linguistic lobe long-term memory medial geniculate nucleus membrane minimal anatomies molecules morphemes motor plan myelin neocortex nerve nervous system networks neural neurons neurotransmitter nodes noradrenaline normal offbeat on-center off-surround anatomy organization output parallel pathways pattern Peirce perception perceptron phonemic polypole postsynaptic problem pyramidal cells receptors Reprinted by permission resonance rhythm Romiet self-similar semantic sensory sentences serial signals sound speech spike spoonerisms structure syllables synapse thalamus theory tion tive tonotopic topic gradient verb vocal tract voice vowel Wernicke's area word