Subfamily MYRMICINAE Taxonomy: C. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 53: 98110, pl. 1; figs. 1-3 (ant larvae).-G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 62: 1-32, pl. 1-2 (ant larvae). MYRMICA subgenus MYRMICA Latreille, pp. 789-791 Taxonomy: Collingwood, 1958. Roy. Ent. Soc., London Proc., Ser. A.33: 65-75, figs. 1-2 (Myrmica of Britian).-G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, pp. 98-110, figs. 1-3 (larvae).-G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963. The Ants of North Dakota, pp. 94-108, figs. Biology: Brian, 1957. Insectes Sociaux 4: 177-190, fig. 1, table 1 (growth and development of colonies).-Weir, 1958. Insectes Sociaux 5: 315-339, figs. 1-7, tables 1-9 (polyethism in workers).—Weir, 1958. Jour. Ins. Physiol. 1: 352-360, figs. 1-5 (effect of temperature variation on queen ovisposition and colony formation).Kannowski, 1959. Insectes Sociaux 6: 143-144 (flight comparison).—Weir, 1959. Insectes Sociaux 6: 271-290, figs. 1-5 (influence of worker age on trophogenic larval dormancy).—Ibidem, pp. 167-201, fig. 1-tables 1-9 (egg masses and early larval growth). -Brian and Hibble, 1963. Insectes Sociaux 10: 71-82, figs. 1-2, tables 1-5.-Weir, 1959. Physiol. Zool. 32: 63-77, figs. 1-8 (interrelation of queen and worker oviposition).—Carr, 1962. Insectes Sociaux 9: 177-211.-Brian and Hibble, 1963. Insectes Sociaux 10: 71-82. Physiology: Weir, 1958 (1957). Quart. Jour. Micros. Sci. 98: 499-506, figs. 1-2 (functional anatomy of mid-gut). brevinodis brevinodis Emery. - Biology: Kannowski, 1959, loc. cit. supra, p. 121 (p. 155, pleometrosis).G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 99-101, map. Ecology: Gregg, 1963. The Ants of Colorado, pp. 291-292, 294, map. brevinodis brevispinosa W. M. Wheeler. Alta., Wash. Taxonomy: Kannowski, 1956. Amer. Midland Nat. 56: 176, ♂ (also brevinodis discontinua ô).—Gregg, 1961. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 69: 211, ☀. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 296-297, 299, map. brevinodis discontinua Weber. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 298-300, map. brevinodis sulcinodoides Emery. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 293-295, 297, map. laevinodis Nylander. Syn. of rubra (Linnaeus). lobicornis fracticornis Emery. Biology: Kannowski, 1957. Psyche 64: 1-5 (host of Leptothorax provancheri Emery).-Kannowski, 1959, loc. cit. supra, pp. 121124, 155-156.-G. Č. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 104106, map. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra pp. 300, 302-303, map. punctiventris punctiventris Roger. Ark., Mass. Taxonomy: Gregg, 1961. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 69: 211. . punctiventris pinetorum W. M. Wheeler. N. Y. *rubra (Linnaeus). Formica rubra Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., Ed. 10, v. 1, p. 580. Myrmica (Myrmica) laevinodis Nylander (syn. by Yarrow, 1955. Roy. Ent. Soc., London, Proc., Ser. B, 24: 113-115). Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, pp. 4-5 (larva). Biology: Brian, 1951. Experientia 7: 182 (caste determination).—Brian, 1951. Physiol. Compar. and Oecol. 2: 248-262, figs. 1-2, tables 1-7.-Brian, 1953. lbidem 3: 25-36, tables 1-2 (oviposition by workers). Brian, 1954. Insectes Sociaux 1: 101-122. fig. 1-3, tables 1-6 (caste differentiation, larval dormancy, winter size, vernalization).—Brian, 1955. Ibidem 2: 1-34, figs. 1-5, tables 1-12 (caste differentiation, growth of workers and intercastes).—Brian, 1955. Ibidem 2: 85-114, figs. 1-5, tables 1-8 (caste differentiation, larval dormancy, winter size, and vernalization).-Brian M. V. and A. D., 1955. Evolution 9: 280-290, figs. 1-2, tables 1-3 (macrogynes and microgynes).-Brian, 1956. Insectes Sociaux 3: 369-394, figs. 1-3, tables 1-8 (caste differentiation, controlled larval nutrition).—Brian, 1956. Jour. Anim. Ecol. 25: 319-337, fig. 1, tables 1-2 (segregation of Myrmica spp.).—Brian, 1957. Insectes Sociaux 4: 191-210, fig. 1, tables 1-7 (serial organization of brood). -Brian, 1957. Physiol. Compar. and Oecolog. 4: 329-345, figs. 1-3, tables 1-8 (food distribution and larval size in cultures). Weir, 1958. Insectes Sociaux 5: 315-339, figs. 1-6, tables 1-9 (polyethism in workers).-Brian 1962. Ibidem 9: 295-310, illus. (social conditions affecting early larval differentiation).—Brian, 1963. Ibidem 10: 91-102 (caste differentiation). Morphology: Allen, 1957. Ent. Monthly Mag. 93: 136-139 (intercastes). Physiology: Weir, 1959. Insectes Sociaux 6: 375-386, figs. 1-6, table 1 (retro-cerebral endocrine glands and their relation to larval growth and development). sabuleti americana Weber. N. C., Ark. Taxonomy: Kannowski, 1956. Amer. Midland Nat. 56: 175. *. Biology: P. B. and P. M. Kannowski, 1957. Ohio Jour. Sci. 57: 371-374 (mating activities).-G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 96-99, map. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 308-310, 312, map. sabuleti hamulata Weber. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 300-301, map. scabrinodis mexicana W. M. Wheeler. Taxonomy: Gregg, 1961. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 69: 211. X. schencki emeryana Forel. Biology: Kannowski, 1959. Insectes Sociaux 6: 121.—Medler, 1958. Ent. Soc. Wash. Proc. 60: 258 (swarming).-G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 103-104, map. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 311-312, 314, map. schencki spatulata M. R. Smith. ? N. Y. striolagaster Cole. Colo. Taxonomy: Cole 1957. Tenn. Acad. Sci. Jour. 32: 208-209 (3).—Gregg, 1961, loc. cit. supra, p. 211. ☀. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 313-314, map. *Genus PARAMYRMICA Cole Paramyrmica Cole, 1957. Tenn. Acad. Sci. Jour. 32: 37-42. Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1959. Tenn. Acad. Sci. Jour. 34: 219, fig. 1, A-G (larva).—Gregg, 1961, loc. cit. supra, pp. 209-220, fig. 1. Place after Myrmica subg. Myrmica, p. 791. *colax Cole. Tex. (Limpia Canyon in Davis Mts., Jeff Davis Co.). Inquiline in nest of Myrmica (Myrmica) striolagaster Cole. Paramyrmica colax Cole, 1957. Tenn. Acad. Sci. Jour. 32: 37-41, fig. 1, a, b, c. 9. Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1959, loc. cit. supra, pp. 219-220, fig. 1, A-G (larva).-Gregg, 1961, loc. cit. suprà, pp. 213-215. 9. rugiventris (M. R. Smith). Ariz., Colo. Transf. from Tetramorium, p. 824 (teste Gregg, 1961, loc. cit. supra, p. 215). Taxonomy: Gregg, 1961, loc. cit. supra, pp. 210, 215-220 fig. 1. ☀ 9 3. Historical: Brown, 1957. Breviora No. 72, pp. 5-7. Genus MANICA Jurine, p. 791 Taxonomy: Cole, 1957. Tenn. Acad. Sci. Jour. 32: 213 (key to males).— bradleyi (W. M. Wheeler). Taxonomy: Cole, 1957, loc. cit. supra, pp. 210-212, fig. la ( ♂).—G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, p. 6 (larva). hunteri (W. M. Wheeler). Taxonomy: Cole, 1957, loc. cit. supra, pp. 212-213, fig. 1, b (♂). mutica (Emery). Taxonomy: Cole, 1957, loc. cit. supra, p. 213, fig. 1, c (♂).—G. C. and J. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 314-317, map. Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 109-110, map. POGONOMYRMEX subgenus POGONOMYRMEX Mayr, pp. 791-794 Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit, supra, p. 2 (larva). Morphology: Eisner, 1957. Harvard Univ., Mus. Compar. Zool. Bul. 116: 477-478, pl. 23, figs. 95-96 (proventriculus). apache W. M. Wheeler. Colo. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 318-319, map. badius (Latreille). La. Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, p. 2 (larva). Physiology: Wilson, Durlach, and Roth, 1959 (1958). Psyche 65: 108114 (chemical releasers of necrophoric behavior).-Wilson, 1959 (1958). Psyche 65: 41-51, fig. 1, table 1 (chemical releasers of alarm and digging). barbatus barbatus (F. Smith). Ark. Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, p. 2 (larva). Biology: Young and Howell, 1954. Okla. Acad. Sci. Proc. 35: 60-62 (mating swarms). Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 319-321, 323, map. Economics: Gordon, 1943. Jour. Econ. Ent. 36: 354 (damage to airplane runways).-Young and González, 1957. Mexico. Secretaria de agricultura y ganaderia, fol. tec. 23: 1-20, figs. 1-6, tables 1-5. barbatus fuscatus Emery. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 322-324, map. barbatus rugosus Emery. Colo., Tex. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 325, 327, map. maricopa barnesi M. R. Smith. Utah. maricopa maricopa W. M. Wheeler. Colo. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 326-328, map. occidentalis comanche W. M. Wheeler. La. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 332-334, map. occidentalis occidentalis (Cresson). Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 118-120, figs., map. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 328-333, map. Physiology: Weber, 1959. Ent. News 70: 85-90 (stings, also population). subdentatus Mayr. Nev., Oreg. POGONOMYRMEX subgenus EPHEBOMYRMEX W. M. Wheeler, p. 794 Biology: Creighton, 1956. Psyche 63: 54-66, fig. 1. imberbiculus W. M. Wheeler. Colo. Taxonomy: Creighton, 1956. Psyche 63: 63-64, fig. 1 (9). Genus STENAMMA Westwood, pp. 794–795 Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 120-122, maps 10-11. brevicorne (Mayr). ? Colo. Biology: Kannowski, 1958. Ent. News 69: 231-233 (swarming of males). Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 346-348, 350, map. diecki Emery. Colo. Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 121-122, map. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 349-350, map. huachucanum M. R. Smith. Colo. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 350-351, 353, map. impar Forel. Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, p. 122, map. meridionale M. R. Smith. N. C., Okla. occidentale M. R. Smith. Colo. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 352-354, map. APHAENOGASTER subgenus ATTOMYRMA Emery, pp. 795-798 ashmeadi (Emery). N. C. flemingi M. R. Smith. Ala., Ky., La., N. C. Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma) macrospina M. R. Smith (syn. by M. R. Smith, 1957. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bul. 52: 113). floridana M. R. Smith. N. C., S. C. Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, p. 7 (larva). fulva Roger. Colo., Fla. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 336-337, 339, map. huachucana huachucana Creighton. Colo. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 338-340, map. macrospina M. R. Smith. Syn. of flemingi M. R. Smith. mariae Forel. Ky. *megommatus M. R. Smith. Nev., Ariz., Calif., Oreg. Aphaenogaster (Attomyrma) megommatus M. R. Smith, 1963. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 71: 244-246, fig. 1, A. B. ☀. rudis picea Emery. Biology: Haskins, 1960. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 68: 66-67 (longevity of fertile females). rudis rudis Emery. Colo., Wyo. Biology: Brown 1959 (1958). Psyche 65: 39-40 (nest raided by Formica subintegra Emery.) Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 340-342, map. subterranea valida W. M. Wheeler. Rocky Mt. Region from Colo. to B. C. and west to Utah. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 342-344, map. uinta W. M. Wheeler. Colo. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 344-345, 347, map. Genus NOVOMESSOR Emery, pp. 798-799 Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, p. 8 (larva). albisetosus (Mayr). Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, pp. 8, 10, pl. 2, fig. 1 (larva). cockerelli (André). Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1960, loc. cit. supra, p. 10 (larva). Genus VEROMESSOR Forel, p. 799 Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1956. Psyche 63: 142-143 (larva). andrei (Mayr). Biology: McCluskey, 1958. Science 128: 536-537, fig. 1 (daily rhythm of male). lariversi M. R. Smith. Taxonomy: Cole, 1963. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 56: 680, 682, figs. 1, B; fig. 3, B; fig. 4, B (☀ 9 ô). lobognathus (Andrews). N. Dak. Taxonomy: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1956. Psyche 63: 143-145, fig. 2, A-J Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler 1956. Psyche 63: 140-142.—Ibidem, 1959. pergandei (Mayr). Taxonomy: Cole, 1963, loc. cit. supra, p. 681 (). *smithi Cole. Nev. (Mercury in Nye County). Veromessor smithi Cole, 1963. Ent. Soc. Amer. Ann. 56: 678-680, fig. 1, PHEIDOLE subgenus PHEIDOLE Westwood, pp. 799-806 Taxonomy: Creighton, 1957. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 65: 203-212 (vasliti complex).—Gregg, 1958. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 66: 7-48 (key to species of the U. S.).-G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 125-131, maps 13, 14. Biology: Weber, 1948. Ent. News 59: 31-35 (food of larvae and adults). bahai (Forel). Taxonomy: M. R. Smith, 1955. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. Bul. 50: 99 (opinions of authors concerning correct taxonomic placement). bicarinata bicarinata Mayr. Pheidole (Pheidole) vinelandica buccalis W. M. Wheeler (syn. by Cole, Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 126-127, map. bicarinata longula Emery. N. Dak. Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, p. 127, map. *bicarinata_paiute Gregg. (In subarmata group.) Nev. (Goldfield). Pheidole bicarinata paiute Gregg, 1958. N. Y. Ent. Soc. Jour. 66: 17-18. ¥ 24. bicarinata vinelandica Forel. Biology: G. C. and J. Wheeler, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 127-128, map. Economics: Reid and Nugara, 1961. Jour. Parasitol. 47: 885-889, pl. californica micula W. M. Wheeler. Raised to sp. rank. californica oregonica Emery. Pheidole (Pheidole) californica shoshoni Cole. (syn. by Gregg, 1958, loc. cit. supra, p. 33). californica shoshoni Cole. Syn. of californica oregonica Emery. ceres W. M. Wheeler. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 413-415, map. cockerelli W. M. Wheeler. Colo. Ecology: Gregg, 1963, loc. cit. supra, pp. 415-417, map. |