Building (p. 364), the Senate Office Building (p. 365), the Plaza and Columbus Monument, the Union Station (p. 358) and new City Post Office (p. 357).

2d Day. Morning: Morning: Lafayette Square (p. 184), the President's Grounds and the White House (p. III), the Treasury Building (p. 122), the State, War and Navy Building (p. 126), the Octagon House (p. 209). Afternoon: the Corcoran Art Gallery (p. 171).

3d Day. Morning: Pennsylvania Ave. from the Peace Monument to the Treasury Building, including Central Market (p. 101), Post Office Department Building (p. 104), Municipal Building (p. 108), and the Sherman Statue (p. 125). Afternoon : American Red Cross Building (p. 154), Memorial Continental Building (p. 155), Pan-American Building (p. 162), New Navy Building (p. 346).

4th Day. Residential Section, Morning: St. John's Church (p. 195), “Avenue of the Presidents" (p. 195), excursion E. and W. on K St. (p. 237), taking in McPherson Sq. (p. 220), and Farragut Sq. (p. 222); then continuing N. on 16th St., passing National Geographic Society (p. 199), Scott Circle (p. 200), Foundry Church (p. 202), Church of the New Jerusalem (p. 203), Scottish Rite Temple (p. 204), and Meridian Park, with new Joan of Arc and Dante Statues. At Harvard St. take Mount Pleasant trolley S., via Columbia Road and Connecticut Ave.,

to

Dupont Circle; thence walk S. E. on Massachusetts Ave., passing (again) Scott Circle, Thomas Circle (p. 228) and Lutheran Memorial Church (p. 221), then S. on 14th St., passing All Souls' Church (p. 232), Franklin Sq. (p. 232) and New York Ave. Presbyterian Church (p. 231). Afternoon : Excursion through Shopping District (p. 141), passing Church of the Epiphany (p. 150), St. Patrick's Church (p. 147), Ford's Theatre (p. 145), the Lincoln Museum (p. 145), Public Land Office (p. 144) and Patent Office (p. 142). A visit to the Lincoln Museum can be made any evening.

5th Day. Morning: Arlington Cemetery and Fort Myer (p. 504). Afternoon: New National Museum, first visit

(p. 260).

6th Day. Morning:

(p. 369). Afternoon:

Congressional Library, first visit
Washington Southeast (p. 403),

including St. Peter's R. C. Church (p. 411), Old Christ

Church (p. 406), Marine Barracks (p. 406), Navy Yard (p. 407), and Congressional Cemetery (p. 408).

7th Day. Morning: Mount Vernon (p. 487). Afternoon: Alexandria (p. 512) including Christ Church (p. 514), Carlyle House (p. 519), Masonic Lodge (p. 517) and Marshall House (p. 521).

8th Day. Morning: Georgetown, first visit, (p. 462), including Georgetown Heights (p. 476), Oak Hill Cemetery (p. 479), Tudor Mansion (p. 476), Bodisco House (p. 470), Convent of the Visitation (p. 473) and Volta Bureau (p. 475). Afternoon: Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul (p. 455) and American University (p. 443).

9th Day. Morning: Old National Museum (p. 322). Afternoon: Catholic University (p. 416) and Franciscan Monastery (p. 423).

10th Day. Morning: National Museum, second visit. Afternoon: Smithsonian Institution (p. 255), Agricultural Department (p. 252), including Greenhouses, Washington Monument (p. 342), Sylvan Theatre (p. 348), Paul Jones Monument (p. 352) and Lincoln Memorial (p. 353).

11th Day. Morning: Army Medical Museum (p. 248), Aquarium (p. 245), Botanic Gardens (p. 241), Grant Memorial (p. 242). Afternoon: Soldiers' Home (p. 432), Rock Creek Church and Cemetery (p. 436), Brightwood (p. 438) and Fort Stevens (p. 438).

12th Day. Morning: Ramble through the Old Residential Section (p. 131), C St. to Judiciary Sq., passing Trinity P. E. Church (p. 132), Metropolitan M. E. Church (p. 134), First Presbyterian Church (p. 136), City Hall (p. 137), District Court of Appeals (p. 138) and Pension Office (p. 139). Afternoon: National Zoological Park (p. 444).

13th Day. Morning: Georgetown, second visit, Washington Headquarters (p. 465), former residences of Jefferson (p. 465), Francis Scott Key (p. 465) and Mrs. E. D. E. N. Southworth (p. 466), Georgetown University (p. 467). Afternoon: Great Falls of the Potomac (p. 484).

14th Day. Morning. Washington Southwest (p. 240). Afternoon: Excursion to Glen Echo Park and Cabin John Bridge (p. 483).

C.

A Five Days' Itinerary Ist Day. Capitol (p. 50), Pennsylvania Ave. (p. 96), White House and Vicinity (p. 111), Corcoran Art Gallery (p. 171), American Red Cross (p. 154), Continental Memorial Hall (p. 155) and Pan-American Building (p. 162).

2d Day. The Mall (p. 240), Grant Memorial (p. 242), Botanic Gardens (p. 241), Aquarium (p. 245), Army Medical Museum (p. 248), Old National Museum, Smithsonian Institution (p. 255), New National Museum (p. 260), Agricultural Department (p. 252) and Washington Monument (p. 342).

3d Day. Mount Vernon (p. 487), Alexandria (p. 512), and Arlington (p. 504).

4th Day. Morning: Excursion from Judiciary Sq. through Shopping District (p. 141) to Lafayette Sq. and St. John's Church (p. 195). Afternoon: Residential Section, Sixteenth St. N. to Harvard St.; National Zoological Park (p. 444).

5th Day. Morning: Franciscan Monastery (p. 423), Catholic University (p. 416), Soldiers' Home (p. 432), Rock Creek Church and Cemetery (p. 436). Afternoon: Georgetown (p. 462), Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul (p. 455).

WASHINGTON NORTHWEST

THE CENTRAL SECTION

(From the Capitol to the White House)

I. The National Capitol

a. History

**The National Capitol (Pl. III-F5) is situated, in conformity with Major L'Enfant's original plan exactly in the center of Washington, on the verge of the bluff which rises abruptly to a height of 89 ft. above the mean tidal level of the Potomac River. The building is accurately located in accordance with the cardinal points of the compass, and fronts towards the east, because the Commissioners of the projected Federal city erroneously assumed that the city's chief growth would be eastward.

The Capitol is open to visitors daily, Sundays and holidays excepted, from 9 a. m. to 4.30 p. m.; also at night when the Senate or House or both are in Session, and this is denoted by a light burning just below the statue of Freedom. The Capitol is reached most directly by the Connecticut Ave. trolley line (cars marked "Mount Pleasant"). Also by Georgetown-Lincoln Park line; Eleventh St. line (both passing through E. First St.); and Pennsylvania Ave. line (cars marked either "Navy Yard" or "17th and Pennsylvania Ave. S. E.") to 1st and B Sts. S. E. All these lines bring the visitor near to the eastern or main entrance to the Capitol. All the Pennsylvania Ave. cars pass the western entrance to the Capitol grounds, behind the Peace Monument.

History. On March 14th, 1792, the Commissioners appointed by Washington advertised for competitive plans for the Capitol and for the "President's House," to be submitted not later than July 15th following, offering in each instance $500.00 and a building lot to the successful competitor. The plans of James Hoban, a young Irishman who had settled in Charleston, S. C., were promptly accepted for the White House (p. III). The Capitol proved to be a more troublesome problem. The number of rival plans submitted is not recorded; but no less than 16 competitors, professional and amateur, are mentioned by name in docu

ments of the period, and nearly as many plans, some of them quite futile, have been preserved in the Maryland Historical Society, and are reproduced in Mr. Glenn Brown's authoritative History of the Capitol. The only plans showing promise were by Stephen L. Hallet, said to have been a student under the famous architect Nash. Accordingly he was requested by the Commissioners to submit new designs.

Meanwhile, although the time limit had expired, Dr. William Thornton, a native of the Island of Tortola, West Indies, received permission to submit plans. The simple dignity of these designs greatly pleased Washington; and on March 14th, 1793, the Commissioners notified Hallet that Thornton's plans had been accepted, and the award of $500.00 and a building lot granted him; but that in consideration of Hallet's extra labor, he should receive an equivalent amount.

As Dr. Thornton was admittedly an amateur, Hallet was further employed to examine the plans and make estimates; and he promptly reported adversely on the three important points of practicability, time and expense. Washington reluctantly requested Thornton to revise his plans to meet these objections. The erection of the Capitol from Thornton's modified plans began in August, 1793, with Hoban as supervising architect; but since his time was fully occupied with the White House, the Commissioners made the mistake of appointing Hallet as his assistant. The latter had not yet relinquished his ambition to share in designing the Capitol, and not only continued to offer substitute plans and suggestions, but, in spite of frequent rebukes, deliberately disregarded Thornton's plans in several essential points, in consequence of which he was dismissed in 1794. It was then found necessary to tear down part of the work, namely: the foundations of the Rotunda, which Hallet had chosen to make square instead of circular. These facts need to be emphasized, since Hallet* has popularly received a large share of the credit, where he deserved little or none.

*See, however, monograph Stephen Hallet and his designs for the National Capitol 1791-1794 in Journal of the American Institute of Architects for July, Aug., Sept. and October, 1916, by Wells BennettUniversity of Michigan.

After Hallet's dismissal he was succeeded by George Hadfield, an Englishman recommended by Benjamin West. When Hadfield, in his turn, quarreled with the Commissioners and resigned, the work was pushed rapidly under the personal direction of Thornton as one of the Commissioners