beginning with the Phoenix, emblem of the Resurrection and ending with the Lamb, symbol of Christ, standing on a rock from which flow four fountains, symbolic of the four Gospels.

Facing this crypt is a short passage leading east to the Purgatory Chapel. On all sides are symbols of death: Black draperies, funeral candelabra, and skulls on the capitals of the pilasters. On the N. wall is a painting showing the lifeless body of Christ, "The First Begotten of the Dead" (Rev. i, 5). Opposite, on the S. wall, is a vision of the prophet Ezekiel, to whom the Lord showed a valley full of bones, saying: "Prophesy concerning these dry bones, and say to them: 'Ye dry bones, hear ye the word of the Lord' " (Ezek. 37, i). The pictures behind the altar represent (L.) Death Appearing from behind a Curtain; (R.) The Angel of God revealing Eternal Life. On opposite sides of the entrance are panels showing: 1. Tobias burying the Dead; 2. Christ Raising Lazarus.

A doorway behind the Altar leads to an extension of the Catacombs. Note in first room paintings on stairways representing Martyrs consigned to beasts in the Arena. Beyond are two typical chapels of the larger class called Cubicula, with decorations copied from existing frescoes found in the true Catacombs. The Chapel on L. is dedicated to St. Cecilia, and contains a copy of the well known statue by Maderno. On R. is Chapel of St. Sebastian, containing copy of statue by Bernini, in Church of St. Sebastian on Appian Way, Rome.

Returning to the Martyr's Crypt, and continuing through a passage to the R., through the passage of the Catacombs, we reach the Grotto of Bethlehem, a faithful copy of the grotto as it exists to-day in Bethlehem. The two stairways leading upward from the crypt are copies of the Latin and Greek stairways in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. In the niche, between these stairways, is a reproduction of the Altar of the Nativity. To the R. is the Place of the Manger, a recess in the rock containing the Altar of the Wise Men, above which is a painting, "The Adoration of the Magi."

Having completed the tour of the Catacombs, the visitor here ascends the stairs which emit him beneath the Holy Ghost Altar in the N. Apse.

The MONASTERY OF MOUNT ST. SEPULCHRE, immediately E. of the church and separated from it by a long corridor (into which visitors are admitted), consists of a large rectangular structure three stories in height, with an inner court-yard laid out as a garden, in the centre of which is an ample cistern for the storage of rain-water collected from

the roof. This court-yard is surrounded on the first floor by the traditional Cloister ambulatory, below which, in the basement story, is a similar corridor with this difference that it is enclosed and lighted by windows. Women are never admitted to the Monastery proper. Male visitors, properly introduced, will sometimes be allowed the privilege of visiting the cloister.

In the spacious grounds surrounding the Monastery are several points of interest. In the Gethsemene Valley to the S. of the Monastery and reached by a stairway, are a number of shrines. They include: 1. The Grotto of Agony, a faithful copy of the Grotto in the Garden of Gethsemene; 2. The Tomb of the Blessed Virgin, also copied from the shrine in the Garden of Gethsemene; 3. The Chapel of St. Anne; 4. The Home of the Holy Family in Egypt, a reproduction of the shrine which marks the traditional spot of the sojourn of the Holy Family during Herod's persecution; 5. The Grotto of Lourdes, an accurate facsimile of the world-famous shrine at Lourdes, in the south of France. The Brookland Grotto was dedicated August 15th, 1913, on which occasion the Right Rev. Charles W.. Courrier, Bishop of Matanzas, Cuba, officiated.

To the northeast of the Monastery, in a lonely grove surrounded by pine and cedar trees, is a little chapel modeled after the retreat on Mount Alverna, Umbria, where St. Francis dwelt in solitude. This chapel, intended for the use of the Friars only, contains a statue of the saint wrapt in meditation, and surrounded by his "little brothers and sisters, the birds."

The Cemetery lies on the slope of the hill, facing the east, and it dotted over with cedars, willows and white rose bushes. Since its establishment, eighteen years ago (1904), eighteen of the Friars have here been laid to rest. Both these are within the cloistered grounds.

The Monastery also houses the College of the Holy Land, the purpose of which is the education of young men as missionaries to the Holy Land, and the special preparation of lectors and professors for the members of the Order of the different provinces in the United States. The undertaking was sanctioned by the Holy See, November 23d, 1897. The students pursue courses in the various departments of the Catholic University (p. 416).

II. Georgia Avenue to Takoma Park

Georgia Avenue begins at Florida Avenue as a northern continuation of 7th St., but verges slightly westward until from Brightwood onward it lies closely parallel to 13th St. It is one of the main suburban highways affording the shortest route to the Soldiers' Home, Rock Creek Cemetery and Walter Reed Hospital, and continuing as one of the principal automobile roads through Montgomery Co., Md.

On E. side of Georgia Ave., extending from U St. to W St., is the American League Baseball Park. Two blocks N. Howard Pl. leads east (one block) to Howard University.

Howard University (Pl. III-C4), situated directly E. of Garfield Hospital, occupies a site of twenty acres, lying between 6th St. on the W., and the New Reservoir on the E. Immediately adjoining on the S. are the new Freedman's Hospital grounds and buildings (leased by the University from the Government).

Reached by 9th St. trolley (marked "Soldiers' Home," "Brightwood" or "Takoma Park") to Howard place.

Howard University was chartered March 2d, 1867, for the edu cation of the young "without regard to sex or color." In point of fact it has included among its students American Indians, Chinese, Japanese and Europeans of several nationalities; but it is today attended almost exclusively by the colored race. Its early Presidents included: 1. Rev. Byron Sunderland (p. 134); 2. General O. O. Howard, after whom the institution was named; 3. Rev. William W. Patton; 4. Rev. Jeremiah B. Rankin. In addition to the Academic Department the University includes, a School of Theology, a School of Law (founded 1867), and a School of Medicine (founded 1868).

Maj. Gen. O. O. Howard (1830-1909) entered the Civil War in May, 1861, as Colonel of the 3d Maine Volunteers, and as senior Colonel led his brigade at the Battle of Bull Run. His gallantry earned him the rank of Brig.-General, and as such he served until, at Fair Oaks, June, 1862, he received wounds which cost him an arm. After the war he became head of the Freedmen's Bureau, and his splendid service on behalf of the newly made citizens was publicly recognized by the founding of this University named in his honor.

The University buildings are all on the main campus, excepting the Law School building (p. 140) which faces Judiciary Square. On R. of Howard Place entrance is the attractive Rankin Memorial Chapel, erected in memory of Andrew E. Rankin, brother of the late President. It is a rather pleasing example of English Gothic, the exterior being of traprock. The main auditorium, with its heavy oak beams, is suggestive of old English Halls. Note especially the three-paneled memorial window at the N. end, depicting: In centre, the Landing of the Pilgrims; on L. and R. the

House at Scrooby, and the City of Leyden. The attractive University Library is opposite the chapel, on L. of entrance. It was founded in 1910 by Andrew Carnegie.

The nucleus of the library was started in 1867 by the gift of a Webster's Dictionary. In 1874, five-hundred volumes were acquired from Lewis Tappan, to be kept permanantly separate as the Tappan Anti-slavery Library. There are now approximately 30,000 volumes and 22,000 pamphlets. The President's office is on the second floor.

The main building, facing the campus, immediately E. of chapel, is a four-story structure measuring 184 x 95 ft. It contains the offices of Secretary and Treasurer, recitation halls, lecture rooms, an assembly hall and museum.

At the N. end of the campus is Clark Hall, the young men's dormitory, named after David Clark of Hartford, who donated $25,000 early in the University's history. Miner Hall, the young women's dormitory, stands on the E. side of the campus, with its rear windows overlooking Reservoir Lake. The New Science Hall (1911) is S. of the chapel.

Opposite Howard University, and three short blocks due W. stands the Garfield Memorial Hospital, incorporated May 18th, 1822. Capacity, 250 beds.

In the main entrance hall are tablets and other memorials of benefactors, including a marble bust of Henry A. Willard. The Victoria Memorial Room is in honor of the Queen's Jubilee. Upon request, visitors will be conducted to the sun-parlor, from which a splendid view may be had of the city. Note in the elevator a tablet acknowledging it to be the gift of the comedian, Sol Smith Russell. The Willard Memorial, the latest of the hospital buildings, facing 11th St., was erected in 1912. Appleton P. Clark, Jr., architect.

Directly W. of the Garfield Hospital is the *New Central High School (Pl. III-C3), erected in 1916 and formally dedicated February 15th, 1917. It occupies two entire city blocks, with its main façade on Clifton St. The visitor, coming from the S., receives a first impression of a series of spacious terraces and stairways leading upward to a huge four-story structure of dark red brick with limestone trim, with a central pavilion on the S. flanked by one-story ranges to E. and W. This southern side overlooks the sweeping curve of a Stadium, with a seating capacity of 6000. Both S. and N. façades are of Indiana limestone. The latter, forming the main entrance, is on the Roman Doric order, with three arched entrances flanked by four pairs of Doric columns. Above the cornice is a 50-ft. bas-relief frieze in three panels. Architect, William B. Ittner; sculptor, George Julian Zolnay.

This frieze is emblematic of the distinctive features of the New High School, which combines the Academic, Business and Manual Training Departments. Taken from L.

to R., the three panels and the respective significance of the successive figures portrayed are as follows:

East Panel. Business Training: 1. Ship Building (holding hammer and sail-boat); 2. Accounting and Book-keeping, (with ledger); 3. Commercial Geography (with globe and compasses); 4. Commerce (with Mercury's caduceus); 5 and 6. Barter and Sale (holding respectively merchandise and account book).

Central Panel. Academic Training: 1. and 2. Chemistry (holding retort); 3. Mathematics (with sextant); 4. Physical Culture (youth with dumb-bells); 5. Art (female figure with palette); 6. Music (with lyre); 7. History (this figure is a full-length portrait of Emery Wilson, Principal of the High School); 8. Biology (with microscope); 9. Philosophy (bust of Socrates).

West Panel.

Manual Training: 1. Domestic Science (woman with a rolling-pin); 2. and 3. Dressmaking; 4. and 5. Mechanical Drawing (4. is a portrait of Snowden Ashford, municipal architect; 5. Portrait of William B. Ittner, architect of the school); 6. the Crafts (symbolized as Pottery holding an urn); 7. Mechanics (holding a cogged wheel; portrait of William Dall, the contractor).

History. Although for several years previous to 1876 the Washington public schools had offered a certain amount of work beyond the 8th grade, the first step toward a High School was made by the opening of the two "Advanced Grammar Schools," one for girls in September, 1876, the other for boys (in the Seaton School; see p. 362) in December, 1877. These schools began with a one-year course, shortly increased to two years, and again to three years, in 1882, when they consolidated in the Washington High School, situated at O and 7th Sts. From an enrollment of 412 students, the school increased in seven years to more than one thousand. In September, 1890, the Eastern, Western, and Business High Schools were formed. The original school now took the name of Central High School, and the course was increased to four years. A Manual Training course was added, and resulted, in 1901, in the establishment of the McKinley Manual Training School. In the new school both manual and business training have been re-introduced into the curriculum.

Visitors may enter the building freely. In the centre, rising through two stories, is the Auditorium, with seating capacity of about 1800. The 47 lecture rooms will care for 2500 pupils (a number nearly reached already). The Manual Training Department includes print shops and wood-working. Among other special features are the spacious swimming pool, the physics laboratory, the separate gymnasiums for boys and girls, the Domestic Science room and the School Bank, designed to inculcate the habit of thrift.

Here a

Returning to Georgia Ave. and continuing N. about a mile, we reach the suburban district of Petworth. branch trolley line turns E. on Upshur St. to the main entrance of the Soldiers' Home, and passes just S. of Grant Circle, at intersection of New Hampshire and Illinois Aves.

The Soldiers' Home (Pl. III-B4) is situated on one of the highest elevations north of the city, the southern bound