If the visitor upon entering applies at E. end of North Corridor, an official guide may be obtained to conduct him through such rooms as are open to the public. A guide, however, is not necessary; and many tourists prefer to visit these rooms unattended and at their leisure.

The Offices of the Secretary of State are situated in the S. Corridor, on the second floor. The Secretary's private office can be visited only by those having official business. The ANTE-ROOM, however (No. 214), is open to visitors, and contains an important collection of *Portraits of former Secretaries of State.

North Wall (E. to W.): I. Elihu Root, Sec. of State 1905-09 (Roosevelt's Administration); 2. Thomas S. Bayard, Sec. of State 1885-89 (Cleveland's Admin.); 3. John C. Calhoun, Sec. of State 1842-46 (Tyler's Admin.); Thomas Jefferson, Sec. of State 1793-1801 (Adams' Admin.), by C. L. Ransom, after Wilson Peale; 5. T. Frelinghuysen, Sec. of State 1884-85 (Arthur's Admin.), by Daniel Huntington; 6. John W. Foster, Sec. of State 1892-93 (Harrison's Admin.), by Henry Floyd; 7. William M. Evarts, Sec. of State 1877-81 (Hayes' Admin.); 8. Robert Smith, Sec. of State 1809-11 (Madison's Admin.), by Freeman Thorp; 9. Henry Clay, Sec. of State 1825-29 (John Quincy Adams' Admin.); 10. James G. Blaine, Sec. of State 1881 and 1889-92 (Garfield's and Harrison's Admin.); 11. William R. Day, Sec. of State 1898 (McKinley's Admin.), by Albert Sterner; 12. James Madison, Sec. of State 1801-09 (Jefferson's Admin.), by A. G. Heaton.

West Wall: (N. to S.) 1. John Hay, Sec. of State 18981905 (McKinley's and Roosevelt's Admin.); 2. William Jennings Bryan, Sec. of State 1913-15 (Wilson's Admin.), by Irving R. Wiles.

South Wall: (W. to E.) 1. Martin Van Buren, Sec. of State 1829-31 (Jackson's Admin.), by E. E. Andrews; 2. John Marshall, Sec. of State 1800 (Adams' Admin.); 3. John Quincy Adams, Sec. of State 1817-25 (Monroe's Admin.); 4. Edward Everett, Sec. of State 1852-53 (Fillmore's Admin.); 5. William R. Marcy, Sec. of State 1853-57 (Pierce's Admin.); 6. John M. Clayton, Sec. of State 1849-50 (Taylor's Admin.); 7. Louis McLane, Sec. of State 1853-54 (Pierce's Admin.), by Hinckley; 8. Jeremiah Black, Sec. of State 1860-61 (Buchanan's Admin.); 9. John Forsyth, Sec. of State 1834-41, (Jackson's and Van Buren's Admin.), by Freeman Thorp; 10. William H. Seward, Sec. of State

1861-69 (Lincoln's and Johnson's Admin.); II. Hamilton Fish, Sec. of State 1869-77 (Grant's Admin.), by Daniel Huntington.

East Wall: (S. to N.) 1. John Sherman, Sec. of State 1897-98 (McKinley's Admin.), by C. A. Whipple; 2. Philander C. Knox, Sec. of State 1909-13 (Taft's Admin.), by Alphonse Jongers.

The DIPLOMATIC RECEPTION ROOM, diagonally opposite on the south corridor, in which the Secretary receives foreign Ministers, also contains a number of portraits:

East Wall: (S. to N.) 1. Robert Bacon, Sec. of State 1900 (Roosevelt's Admin.), by Sorolla y Bastida; 2. Richard Olney, Sec. of State 1895-97 (Cleveland's Admin.), by Hubert Vos.

West Wall: (N. to S.) 1. Daniel Webster, Sec. of State 1841-43 (Wm. H. Harrison's Admin.), by G. P. A. Healey; 2. Lord Ashburton, by G. P. A. Healey.

South Wall: Walter Q. Gresham, Sec. of State.

The State Library (Room 308), on the third floor, south corridor, was formerly regarded as the most interesting room in the building since it contained the original Declaration of Independence, which for greater safety has recently been transferred to the custody of the Library of Congress. The State Library, however, still possesses a number of national heirlooms which merit a visit, including the Sword of Washington and the Staff of Franklin.

The Sword was one of four bequeathed by Washington to his four nephews, and was in turn willed by Samuel Washington to his son by whom it was presented to Congress in 1843. The Staff was bequeathed by Franklin to Washington, "my friend and the friend of mankind. The will describes it as "my fine crab-tree walking stick, with a gold head curiously wrought in the form of the Cap of Liberty. It was a present to me from that excellent woman, Madame de Forbach, the dowager Duchess of Deux-Ponts."

The Library is open from 9 A. M. to 4 P. M. daily, except Sundays and holidays. It is a reference library for the use of the Department of State and Diplomatic corps. Others, however, may consult books by obtaining permission from the Secretary, Assistant Secretaries or Chief of the Bureau. The collection, comprising approximately 70,000 volumes, consists principally of works on international law, diplomacy, history, travel, foreign law and biographies of statesmen.

The Offices of the Secretary of War are on the second floor, west corridor. The SECRETARY'S RECEPTION ROOM (No.

231) is open to the public, and contains a collection of portraits of former Secretaries of War.

North Wall: (E. to W.) 1. John M. Scofield, Sec. of War 1868-69 (Johnson's Admin.), by H. P. Curtis; 2. Alphonso Taft (father of ex-President Taft), Sec. of War 1876 (Grant's Admin.), by Daniel Huntington; 3. Stephen B. Elkins, Sec. of War 1891-93 (Harrison's Admin.), 4. John P. Rawlins, Sec. of War 1869 (Grant's Admin.), by Robert W. Weir; 5. Jacob M. Dickinson, Sec. of War 1909-II (Taft's Admin.). In N. W. cor. stands a marble bust of Edwin M. Stanton.

West Wall: (N. to S.) 1. Henry Stimson, Sec. of War 1911-13 (Taft's Admin.), by Gari Melchers; 2. Lindley M. Garrison, Sec. of War 1913-16 (Wilson's Admin.), by Emil Fuchs.

South Wall: Major General Horatio Gates (1777).

East Wall: (S. to N.) 1. Major Gen. Hugh L. Scott, Sec. ad-interim, Feb.-March 1916 (Wilson's Admin.); 2. Alexander Ramsey, Sec. of War 1879-81 (Hayes' Admin.); 3. Gen. William W. Belknap, Sec. of War 1869-76 (Grant's Admin.), by Huntington; 4. Newton W. Baker, Sec. of War 1916-21 (Wilson's Admin.); 5. Robert T. Lincoln, Sec. of War 1876-77 (Grant's Admin.), by D. Cameron.

On W. Wall are flags from Fort Sumter; the one on L. was the Garrison Flag that floated over the Fort during the bombardment. See bronze tablet. On S. Wall, above mantel is a case containing the flag which wrapped the coffin of Abraham Lincoln on the journey from Washington to Springfield, Ill., April, 1865. The clock on the mantel was installed by Jefferson Davis when Secretary of War in 1853.

The S. door leads through an intermediate room to the Secretary of War's private office. (Not open to visitors except on business). In this office hang the following pictures:

North Wall: Elihu Root, Sec. of War 1899-1904, by Madrazo; East Wall: *General Henry Knox, First Secretary of War 1789, by Young after Gilbert Stuart; South Wall: Edwin M. Stanton, by Henry Ulke.

In the intermediate room are the following portraits: East Wall: 1. James McHenry, Sec. of War 1796, by Daniel Huntington, after Pollock; 2. Alexander J. Dallas, Sec. ad-interim 1815, by Ph. Morton; 3. William H. Crawford, Sec. of War 1815, by Huntington afte John Wesley Jarvis. North Wall: 1. William C. Everett; 2. Russell

Alger; 3. Jefferson Davis, 1853-57, by Huntington. West Wall: 1. George W. Crawford, 1849-50, by Huntington; 2. Gen. Peter B. Porter, 1828, by Huntington after Weir. South 1. Luke T. Wright; 2. John C. Calhoun, 1817, by

Wall: Jarvis.

THE NAVY Department LIBRARY, situated on the fourth floor, east corridor, is primarily for the use of the Officers of the Navy, and is officially closed to the general public. Visitors, however, will usually be admitted to the Reception Room, considered the finest apartment in the building. It measures 30 x 50 ft., with iron walls inlaid with 32 marble panels of Malachite, Sienna and Porphyry, given respectively by France, Italy and Spain. The Onyx disks that adorn the balcony rail were presented by Mexico, and the inlaid floor of Minton tiling by England. All these gifts were made during Grant's Administration. Especially notable are the four candelabra, consisting of bronze figures weighing 800 lbs. each, which occupy the four corners, and represent respectively: 1. War and Peace; 2. Liberty; 3. Industry and Mechanics; 4. Literature, Arts and Commerce. Outside, above entrance door, is a stone brought from Pompeii.

The resources of the Library are approximately 50,000 vols., exclusive of public documents which have never been accessioned. The collection is chiefly technical and professional, and is classed as one of the principal naval libraries of the world. Among its treasures are manuscript records of the War of 1812.

The room directly beneath the Naval Library, formerly the Reception Room of the Secretary of State, is now occupied by General Pershing.

The collection of models of historic battleships, which formerly occupied the corridors of the main floor, have been removed to the new Navy Building (p. 346).

In leaving by main N. doorway, the visitor should note on E. Wall a Bronze Tablet commemorating "The services and sufferings of the 243,135 horses and mules employed by the American Expeditionary Forces overseas during the great World War."

V. The Old Residential Section

(From C Street to Judiciary Square)

C Street between 3d St. and John Marshall Place, was, until about 1870, the center of one of the most fashionable residential sections in Washington. As the center of fashion shifted N. and W., this locality remained a quiet back-water, scarcely touched by modern growth. Most of the old houses, full of historic associations, are still standing.®

TRINITY CHURCH (founded 1829), the third Protestant Episcopal Church, occupies the N. E. cor. of C and 3d Sts. Its first edifice was on 5th St., between D and E Sts., on the site now occupied by the Columbian Building. The present church, dating from 1851, is a Gothic structure of brownstone, with two octagonal towers surmounted by spires suggestive of minarets. In the center of the auditorium the ceiling rises in a spacious octagon. This was one of the churches used as hospitals during the Civil War. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster both attended service at Trinity.

One block N., on the triangle formed by 3d and D Sts. and Indiana Ave., stands a bronze statue of Gen. Albert Pike (1809-91), a standing figure, heroic size, erected in 1901 by the Masonic Fraternity. Below is a seated bronze female figure symbolizing Fame and bearing a banner. G. Trentanove, sculptor.

No. 318 Indiana Ave. was the home of Chief Justice Taney, and here he died in 1864. No. 324 was the last home of Rear-Admiral Robley D. Evans ("Fighting Bob"). It is now occupied by his married daughter.

The large old-fashioned dwelling opposite Trinity Church, N. W. cor. of C St., was built in 1849 for David Aiken Hall, a distinguished member of the District Bar, and an intimate friend of Daniel Webster, with whom he was associated in many legal battles. Mr. Hall's first wife was daughter of Charles Bulfinch, one of the architects of the Capitol. This house is now a Temporary Home for ex-Union Soldiers and Sailors, under the Board of Charities.

The square brown house on S. E. cor. of 3d St., with oldfashioned iron trimmings and a pagoda-like roof, is now occupied (1922) by the Boys' Club of Washington. It was formerly for many years the residence of "Duke" William M. Gwin, and in ante-bellum days was regarded as one of the show places of Washington.

William M. Gwin was colleague of Fremont as Senator from California. In earlier years he was one of the House members from Mississippi, and was recognized as the millionaire representative of the South, dictating all moves made in defense of states' rights and slavery. He went to Mexico to help Maximilian establish his brief Empire, and was rewarded with the empty title of Duke of Sonora.

On the fourth or S. W. cor. of 3d St. is the Crosby House, an unpretentious rooming and boarding house. It was erected about 1836 as the private residence of Marshall Cary Selden, and was a favorite rendezvous of fashionable society.

South on 3d St. are several interesting old houses on the colonial order of architecture. No. 219, regarded as one of the best examples of its type in the city, dates from 1831, and