This, and the preceding varieties, are highly ornamental, from their fine, large, bright yellow flowers, which are produced in abundance; and their smooth, glossy, yellowish green leaves. The plants are, also, most truly ligneous, and of greater duration, than those of most other species of Ribes. Next to R. sanguíneum, and its varieties, they merit a place in every collection. 42. R. (A.) TENUIFLO`RUM Lindl. The slender-flowered Currant. Identification. Lindl. in Hort. Trans., 7. p. 242.; Bot. Reg., 1274.; Don's Mill., S. p. 191. Synonymes. R. aureum Colla Hort. Rip. Append., 3. t. 1. f. A.; R. flavum Berl. in Dec. Prod., 3. p. 483.; R. missouriénsis Hort.; Chrysobotrya Lindleyàna Spach. Engravings. Bot. Reg., t. 1274; and our fig. 744. Spec. Char., &c. Unarmed, quite glabrous. Leaves roundish, 3-lobed, mealy; lobes bluntly toothed at the apex. Racemes pendulous, many-flowered. Calyx tubular, glabrous, longer than the pedicels, coloured. Petals quite entire, linear, one half shorter than the segments of the calyx, which are oblong and obtuse. Bracteas linear, length of the pedicels. Berries glabrous. In habit, this species is more erect than R. aureum, and has the young wood more thinly clothed with leaves; its whole appearance is also paler, during the early part of the season. The flowers are not more than half the size of R. aureum; and have entire, not notched, petals. The fruit is about the size of the red currant, of an agreeable flavour but possessing little acidity. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 191.) A native of North America; common 744 on the rocky tracts of the Columbia, near the head waters of the Missouri. A shrub, attaining the height of 6 ft. or 8 ft.; and producing its flowers in April and May. Introduced in 1812. Varieties. R. (a.) t. 1 frúctu nigro.-Berries changing from yellow to red, and finally acquiring a deep blackish purple colour. R. (a.) t. 2 frúctu luteo.-Fruit yellow; always retaining the same colour. 43. R. (A.) FLA'VUM Coll. The yellow-flowered Currant. Identification. Coll. Hort. Ripul. Append., S. p. 4. t. 1. f. 3.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 191. Synonymes. R. aureum 3 sanguineum Lindl. in Hort. Trans., 7. p. 242.; R. palmatum Desf. Hort. Par.; R. aureum Ker Bot. Reg., t. 125., but not of Pursh; Chrysobotrya intermèdia Spach. Engraving. Coll. Hort. Ripul. Append., 3. p. 4. t. 1. f. 2. Spec. Char., &c. Unarmed, quite glabrous. Young leaves 3-lobed; adult ones usually 5-lobed, deeply toothed, about equal in length to the ciliated petioles. Racemes short, 4-5-flowered. Calyx tubular, much longer than the pedicels. Tube slender. Segments rather spathulate, reflexed. Petals one half shorter than the calycine segments. Bracteas elliptic. Berries oblong, glabrous. Flowers yellow. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 191.) A native of North America. A shrub, growing 6 ft. or 8 ft. high; flowering in April and May. Introduced in 1812. App. i. A Classification of the Species and Varieties of Ribes in the Horticultural Society's Garden in 1836, made by Mr. Gordon, Foreman of the Arboretum there. In the following synopsis, the authorities put immediately after the names of the plants are those of the nurserymen, or others, who sent the plants with these names to the Horticultural Society's Garden; the authorities in parenthesis are references to books; and the references to figures are those in our own pages. In short, we have here followed the plan which we adopted under Cratæ`gus, in giving Mr. Gordon's arrangement of that genus; and for the same reasons as those there given. (See p. 816.) Si. NIGRA (or those like the common Black or Red Currant). Leaves large, and strongly scented. Flowers in bunches. 1. R. alplnum (Lin. Spec., 296. ; fig.725. in p. 979.) 11. R. flóridum grandiflòrum Sabine. (fig. 735. in syn. dioicum Masters, nurseryman, Canterbury. (Manch Meth., p. 683.) 2. R. alpinum pùmilum Miller, Bristol Nur- 3. R. resinòsum Loddiges.; Pursh Fl. Amer. reclinatum of some collections. 5. R. nigrum variegatum Vilmorin, Paris. 7. R. petiolare Douglas. 8. R. prostratum Falla, nurseryman, Gateshead, (L'Her. Stirp., 1. p. 3. t. 2.) syn. canadénse Loddiges. glandulosum Ait. (Hort. Kew.,1. p. 279., not of Ruiz et Pavon.) p. 985.) syn. rigens Michx. (Flor. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 110.) 12. R. malvàceum Douglas. (Smith in Rees's Cycl.; and fig. 741. in p. 988.) 13. R. glutinosum Bentham. (Hort. Trans.; and fig. 740. in p. 988.) syn. augústum Douglas. 14. R. sanguineum Douglas. (Pursh Fl. Amer. 18. syn. Russian Currant. R. rùbrum frúctu álbo Thompson. 19. R. rubrum variegatum. 20. B. spicatum Loddiges. (Robs. Lindl. Trans., 3. p. 240. t. 21.; and fig. 728. in p. 980.) 21. R. multiflorum Whitley, Fulham Nursery. (Kitaibel in Rom. et Schult. System., 5. p. 493.; Bot. Mag., 2368.; andfig. 729. in p. 980.) 9. R. viscosissimum Douglas. (Pursh Flor. Bor. 22. R. petræum Lee, Hammersmith Nursery. Amer., 1. p. 163. ; fig. 738. in p. 987.) 10. R. flóridum parviflorum Cels, nurseryman, Paris. (L'Her. Stirp., 1. p. 4.) syn. americanum Miller. pensylvánicum Cels. (Lam. Dict., 3. campanulatum of some foreign col- 23. R. (Wulf in Jacq. Misc., 2. p. 36. ; Eng. Bot., t. 705.; and our fig. 727. in p. 979.) glaciale Royle, 1835. (Wall.) 24. R. punctatum Lindl. (Bot. Reg., t. 1658.; and our fig. 733. in p. 981.) syn. prostratum Ruiz et Pav. (Fl. Peruv., 3. 12. t. 233. f. a.) fii. AUREA (or those like the Missouri Yellow Currant). Leaves small and shining. Flowers large, not in bunches, 3 or 4 together. 25. R. aureum præ'cox Godefroy. (Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 1. p. 164.; and our fig. 742. in p. 989.) 26. R. aureum serótinum Douglas. (Pursh; and our fig. 743. in p. 989.) syn. missouriénse Loddiges. Missouri Currant. 27. R. aureum serótinum frúctu lùteo? Floy, Nurseryman in New York. 28. R. aureum sanguineum Floy. (Lindl. Bot. Reg., t. 125.). 29. R. syn. flavum Hort. tenuifòrum (? Lindl.) frúctu aúreo Prince. (Bot. Reg., t.1574; and fig. 744. in p. 990.) 30. R. tenuifòrum frúctu nìgro Floy. $ iii. CE`REA (or those small Gooseberry-leaved, and few-flowered, Gooseberry-like Currants which resemble R. cèreum). Leaves small and powdered. Flowers 3 or 4 together. Fruit shining and smooth. 31. R. cèreum Douglas. The flowers of a light rosy 32. R. inebrians Floy. (Lindl. Bot. Reg., t. 1471.; pink, and fruit of a beautiful amber co lour. (Bot. Reg., t. 1263.; Gard. Mag., 5. p. 522.; and fig. 737. in p. 986.) Gard. Mag., 8. p. 225.; and fig. 736. in p. 986.) syn. Intoxicating Red Currant. iv. GROSSULA RIÆ (or those resembling the common Gooseberry). Leaves small and shining. Flowers yellowish green, white, or crimson, and not more than 3 or 4 together. Spines few and large. 33. R. niveum Douglas. (Bot. Reg., t. 1692; and 36. R. setòsum Falla. (Bot. Reg., t. 1237.; and fig. fig. 718. in p. 970.) 35. R. irriguum Douglas. (Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. 40. R. Ú`va crispa Mackie. (Lin. Spec., 291.) p. 231.; fig. 721. in p. 971.) syn. Diacántha Loddiges. v. ECHINA TA (or those with numerous bristle-like Spines, and Flowers in bunches). Leaves small and shining. Flowers in small bunches, and of a dull brown colour. Spines small and numerous, and like small bristles clothing the young shoots. 41. R. echinatum Douglas. syn. armàtum. Habit trailing. (See p. 976.) 42. R. Cynósbati Whitley. (Lin. Spec., 292.; and our fig. 719. in'p. 970.) 43. R. aciculare. Ledebour. (Smith in Rees's Cycl.) 44. R. lacústre Pursh. (Poir. Encyc. Suppl., 2. CHAP. LVI. OF THE HARDY OR HALF-HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER ESCALLONIA CEE. THERE is only one perfectly hardy genus belonging to this order; viz. I'tea; and the principal genus, which is half-hardy, is Escallònia. Both are highly ornamentai shrubs; the former indigenous to North America, and the latter to Chili, and other parts of South America. GENUS I. ITEA L. THE ITEA. Lin. Syst. Pentándria Monogynia. Identification. Lin. Gen., 275.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 6.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 396. Synonymes. Cedrèla Lour.; Diconángia Michx. Derivation. Itea is the Greek name of the willow, which is given to this genus on account of the quick growth of the I'tea virgínica. Gen. Char. Calyx bell-shaped, with 5 teeth, persistent. Petals 5, their æstivation valvate. Stamens 5, shorter than the petals. Both petals and stamens inserted upon the tube of the calyx. Teeth of calyx, petals, and stamens, alternate with one another. Ovary not connate with the calyx. Style, at first, seemingly one; afterwards it parts into two portions: hence, there are rather 2 styles connate. Stigmas capitate, mostly divided by a furrow. Carpels two, connate into a capsule of 2 cells, that has 2 furrows, and parts from bottom to top. Seeds in two rows along the introflexed margins of the carpels. (Dec. Prod., iv. p. 6.)—A shrub, with simple alternate leaves, and flowers in racemes. 1. I. VIRGINICA L. The Virginian Itea. Identification. Lin. Sp., 289.; N. Du Ham., 6.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 6. ; Don's Mill., 3. p. 196. Engravings. Lam. Ill., 1. t. 147.; N. Du Ham. 6. t. 9.; Bot. Mag. t. 2409.; and our fig. 745. 745 Spec. Char., &c. Leaves lanceolate, acutely toothed. Racemes simple, terminal. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 196.) A deciduous shrub, growing to the height of 6 ft. or 7 ft. A native of North America, from Pennsylvania to Carolina; introduced in 1744; and producing its white flowers, in terminal racemes, from June to August. It may be propagated by cuttings, but more readily by layers, suckers, or seeds; and it thrives best in a sandy or peaty soil, kept moist. The plant, to be kept in vigour, should have the old wood frequently cut down to the ground. When grown in a situation that is rather moist, its flowers make a fine appearance, at a season when there are few other shrubs in blossom. It is most frequently propagated by seeds, which are annually received from America. The price of plants, in the London nurseries, is 1s. each, and of seeds, 6d. a packet; at Bollwyller, plants are 2 francs cach; and at New York, 25 cents. GENUS II. ESCALLO`NIA Mutis. THE ESCALLONIA. Lin. Syst. .Pentándria Identification. Mutis in Lin. fil. Supp., t. 21.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 2.; Don's Mill., 8. p. 192. Derivation. From Escallon, the pupil and companion of Mutis, during his travels in New Spain. Gen. Char., &c. Tube of the calyx semiglobose, adnate to the ovarium ; limb 5-toothed or 5-lobed. Petals 5, arising from the calyx. Stamens 5; anthers ovate-oblong. Stigma peltate. Style filiform, permanent. Capsule baccate. Seeds numerous. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 192.)- Subevergreen half-hardy shrubs, natives of South America, and more especially of Chili, with the leaves full of resinous glands. Propagated with the greatest ease by cuttings; and growing freely in common garden soil. E. rubra Pers. (Hook. Bot. Mag., t. 2890., and our fig. 746.), Stereóxylon rùbrum Ruiz et Pav., is a smoothish evergreen shrub, with numerous, twiggy, rounded branches, which, when young, are clothed with glandular hairs. The leaves are obovate-oblong, acuminated, serrated, and, in their native country, full of resinous dots beneath. A tuft of young leaves springs from the axil of each of the older ones, indicative of numerous branches. The peduncles are 2-7flowered. Lobes of the calyx denticulated. Petals spathulate, red, conniving, but spreading a little at the apex. A native of Chili, on the mountains of Colocolo, in the fissures of rocks, and about Valparaiso. It was introduced in 1827. When trained against a wall, it grows to the height of 6 ft. or 8 ft.; flowering from July to September. It is readily propagated by cuttings, planted in sandy soil, under a hand-glass; and the plants, when placed against a wall, require no protection whatever during winter. In the Bot. Misc., iii. p. 252., three forms of this species are recorded: E. r. 1 glabriúscula Hook. et Arn., with glandular branches, leaves highly pubescent, and red flowers, which may be considered as the species. E. r. 2 albiflora Hook. et Arn.; E. glandulosa Bot. Cab., t. 291.; with white flowers. E. r. 3 pubescens Hook. et Arn., with pubescent branches, and red flowers. There are plants of these varieties at Kew, the Horticultural Society's Garden, Messrs. Loddiges's, in the Goldworth Arboretum, and in the Addlestone Nursery, which have stood out as bushes in the open garden, for several years, without the slightest protection during winter. E. montevidénsis Dec. Prod., iv. p. 4.; E. floribunda var. 8 montevidénsis Schlecht.; E. bífida Link et Otto Abbild., t. 23., Bot. Reg., t. 1467.; and our fig. 747.; is a smooth shrub, with white flowers, very like those of the hawthorn, which are produced in great abundance from July to September. It is a native of Brazil, on sandy banks and pastures; and was introduced in 1827. It forms a remarkably vigorous-growing bush, with long, flexible, rope-like shoots, and is very prolific in flowers. It is so hardy as to have stood through several winters, as a bush, in the open ground of the Kensington Nursery; so that we might almost have been justified in placing it among the hardy shrubs. 747 E. floribunda H. B. et Kunth is a native of New Granada, on the Andes, with white flowers, and shining leaves, which are clammy when young. The plant of this name, in the British gardens, appears to be only a variety of the preceding species. E. resinosa Pers., Stereóxylon resinòsum Ruiz et Pav., is a glabrous shrub, a native of Peru, on the cold parts of hills. A plant of this species has stood against a south wall, in the Kew Gardens, since 1832. E. pulverulenta Pers., Stereóxylon pulveruléntum Ruiz et Pav., is a shrub, hairy in every part, with white flowers; growing to the height of 8 ft. or 10 ft. It is a native of Chili; and plants of it have been in the Horticultural Society's Garden since 1831. Twenty other species are described in Don's Miller., iii. p. 193. to p. 195., all natives of South America, and probably as hardy as those above mentioned; but it does not appear that any of them have been introduced. CHAP. LVII. OF THE HARDY AND HALF-HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER SAXIFRA GEE, TRIBE HYDRA'NGEÆ. THE only woody plants contained in this order are included in the tribe Hydrangea, which contains the well-known green-house, or rather coldframe, plant, Hydrangea Hortensia, that may be considered as half-hardy; and some species, natives of North America, which are quite hardy. There are also some half-hardy species, natives of Asia. They are all easily propagated by cuttings, and will grow freely in any soil that is rather moist. GENUS I. HYDRA'NGEA L. THE HYDRANGEA. Di-Trigýnia. Lin. Syst. Decandria Identification. Lin. Gen., 557.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 13.; Don's Mill, 3. p. 232. Gen. Char. Flowers generally deformed; but some of them hermaphrodite and fertile. Tube of calyx hemispherical, 10-ribbed, rather truncate, adnate to the ovarium; limb permanent, 5-toothed. Petals 5, regular. Stamens 10. Styles 2, distinct. Capsule 2-celled, with introflexed valves, crowned by the teeth of the calyx and styles, flattish at the top, opening by a hole between the styles. Seeds numerous, reticulated. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 232.)—Shrubs, with opposite leaves. Flowers corymbose, pink, or yellowish white; the marginal ones sterile, and large, in consequence of the teeth of the calyx being dilated into broad, petal-likecoloured segments; the rest of the sterile flower having the other parts partially abortive. A. Species Natives of North America. 1. H. ARBORE'SCENS L. The arborescent Hydrangea. Identification. Lin. Sp., p. 568.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 232.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Engraving. Our fig. 748. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves ovate, rather cordate; superior ones lanceolate, coarsely toothed, pale and puberulous beneath. Corymbs flattish. Flowers |