Spec. Char., &c. Racemes downy, with oval
bracteas as long as the flowers. Anthers
2-horned on the back, twice as long as the
spreading bell-shaped corolla. Leaves ellip-
tic, acute, entire, glaucous, and rather downy
beneath. Stem 2 ft. high, with numerous
green branches, which are downy while
young. Leaves 1 in. or 2 in. long, on very
short downy stalks. Flowers decandrous,
copious, white, having linear anthers, which
are horned near the base. Berries greenish,
or white, called deer-berries. The bracteas +
resemble the leaves, but are much smaller.

(Don's Mill., iii. p. 853.) It is a shrub; native of North America, from New England to Florida, where it grows from 1 ft. to 2 ft. high, and flowers in May and June. It was introduced in 1772; and there are plants, both of the species and the variety, at Messrs. Loddiges's.

Variety.

V. s. 2 álbum H. B. et Kunth Nov. Gen. Amer., iii. p. 267.-The leaves are larger, and ciliated on the nerves beneath, and on the margins. Corolla campanulate and white. It is a native of Mexico, in woods, between Pachuca and Real del Monte, where it seldom grows above 6 in. high.

11. V. DUMO'SUM Ait. The bushy Whortleberry. Identification. Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 2. p. 356.; Don's Mill., S., p. 853.

Synonymes. V. frondòsum Michr. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 230.; V. hirtellum Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 2. p. 357.

Engravings. Curt. Bot. Mag., t. 1106.; Andr. Bot. Rep., t. 112.; and our fig. 973.
Spec. Char., &c. Racemes downy, with oval bracteas, and
the pedicels with 2 lanceolate bracteoles. Leaves obovate,
mucronate, entire, downy, and viscid. Ovarium hairy.
Corolla bell-shaped, obtuse, longer than the stamens. A
low bushy shrub, with round branches. Leaves 1 in. long.
Calycine segments fringed. Corollas white, tinged with
pink, rather large. Berries black, and globular. (Don's
Mill., iii. p. 853.) It is a native from New Jersey to
Florida, in dry sandy woods, particularly in pine forests,
where it grows from 2 ft. to 3 ft. high, and flowers in June
and July. It was introduced in 1774. There are plants
at Messrs. Loddiges's.

Variety.

973

V. d. 2 humile Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 32.-The flowers are white; anthers red; pedicels solitary, axillary. Shrub, 6 in. high.

12. V. CORYMBO`SUM L. The corymbose-flowered Whortleberry. Identification. Lin. Sp., 499.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 853.; Hook. in Bot. Mag., t. 3433.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1896. Synonymes. V. amoenum Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 2, p. 358., Andr. Bot. Rep., 188.; V. disomórphum Mich. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 231.; V. elevatum Hort.; V. álbum Lam. Dict., 1. p. 13. Engravings. Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 123.; Bot. Rep., t. 138.; Bot. Mag., t. 3433.; and our figs. 974, 975. Spec. Char., &c. Flowering branches almost leafless. Racemes corymbose, drooping, with membranous bracteas, which are shorter than the downy flower stalks. Leaves elliptic, acute, minutely serrated, smooth, with downy ribs. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 853.) A tall shrub, sometimes 7 ft. or 8 ft. high, with numerous roughish round branches, which are, however, somewhat angular and downy while young. Leaves 1 in. to 2 in. long, tipped with a glandular point. Racemes rising from the branches of the preceding year, and seldom accompanied by leaves. Bracteas reddish, membranous, and fringed. Calycine segments broad and shallow. Corollas white or reddish, cylindrically urceolate, rather angular, and contracted at

Anthers enclosed,
Berries black, insipid.

the mouth. Stamens 10, downy.
pouch at the base, but no spurs.
a number of varieties, in size, shape, and colour of the
leaves, flowers, and fruit. It is a native of North
America, from Canada to Carolina and Georgia, in
swamps and wet woods, where it grows from 4 ft. to
7 ft. high, and flowers in May and June. It was intro-
duced in 1765, and is frequent in collections. In the
Duc d'Aremberg's garden at Enghien, it is cultivated
in the peat border, for its fruit, which is used like
that of the cranberry. (Neill's Hort. Tour, p. 322.)
Varieties.

V. c. 2 virgatum Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 2. p. 358., Don's
Mill., 3. p. 854.; and our fig. 976.-The flowers are white, tinged
with crimson or pale red; very elegant, and smaller than the
species. Racemes short, lateral and terminal. A shrub, a
native of Virginia and Carolina, in swamps, where it grows
2 ft. high.

V. c. 3 fuscàtum Ait. Hort. Kew., i. c., Pursh, Hooker; V. for-
mosum Andr. Bot. Rep., t. 97., Bot. Reg., t. 302.; V. virgatum
Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 33., but not of Ait; and our fig. 977.; has
the flowers striped with red and white, and the calyx downy.
It is a native of Lower Carolina and Georgia, in swamps.
SV. c. 4 angustifolium, V. virgatum var. angustifolium Wats. Dend.
Brit., t. 34., has the leaves narrow, lanceolate, and acuminated
at both ends, sessile, besprinkled with brown, minute, pedicel-
late glands beneath, and hairy on the midrib above. Flowers
almost white. This variety, like the preceding ones of V. corym
bòsum, is very handsome, and very distinct; and, in British
gardens, of easy culture, in sandy peat soil, which, however,
as in all similar cases, must be kept cool, and of an equable degree of moisture.
13. V. ALBIFLO`RUM Hook. The white-flowered Whortleberry.

Identification. Hook. in Bot. Mag., 3428.; Gard. Mag., vol. 11. p. 475.
Synonyme. V. álbum Lam.?

Engraving. Curt. Bot. Mag., t. 3428.

x

977

Spec. Char., &c. Leaves oval-lanceolate, obscurely serrulate, membranous, pilose beneath, with spreading hairs, especially on the midrib and primary veins. Flower-bearing branches leafless. Racemes a little corymbose, directed to one side, drooping, bracteated with shortly deciduous bracteas. Calyx spreading, with a tendency to be reflexed. Corolla broadly oval. Ovary wholly inferior. (Hooker in Bot. Mag., t. 3428.) The affinity of "this very pretty species is undoubtedly with V. corymbosum of Linnæus and American authors;" but the half-superior ovary of V. corymbosum, and the wholly inferior one of V. albiflòrum, and other points of difference implied in those noticed in the specific character above, have induced Dr. Hooker "to think that the two are permanently distinct." V. albiflòrum has been received at the Glasgow Botanic Garden, from North America, and it flowers in May. It is "a small shrub, with spreading branches." (Bot. Mag., t. 3428.)

14. V. MARIA NUM Wats. The Maryland Whortleberry.

Identification. Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 124.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.
Synonyme. V. marilandicum Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836.
Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 124.; and our fig. 978.

Spec. Char., &c. Racemes lateral, numerous,
many-flowered. Corolla cylindrical, contracted
at the mouth. Leaves elliptic, coriaceous, gla-
brous, distinctly and minutely denticulated.
Flowers decandrous, white. (Don's Mill., iii.
p. 854.) A native of North America, where
it is a shrub growing from 3 ft. to 4 ft. high, and
flowering in May and June. It was intro-
duced in 1812; and there are plants at Messrs.
Loddiges's.

15. V. GRANDIFLO`RUM Wats. The great-flowered Whortleberry.
Identification. Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 125. f. A.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.; Lodd.
Cat., ed. 1836.

Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 125. A. ; and our fig. 979., from a plant at Messrs.
Loddiges.

Spec. Char., &c. Racemes terminal, 3-4-flowered. Corollas
cylindrical, contracted at the mouth. Leaves lanceolate,
finely serrated, attenuated at both ends, glabrous. Flowers
white, decandrous. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) A native
of North America, where it forms a shrub, growing 13 ft.
high, and flowering in July and August. It was intro-
duced in 1812. To us it appears very doubtful, whether
this, and the two following sorts, be not varieties of the
same form; and, indeed, we might apply the same remark
to various other sorts, which we have given as species.

16. V. ELONGA'TUM Wats. The elongated Whortleberry. Identification. Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 125. B.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 125. B.; and our fig. 980.

Spec. Char., &c. Corymbs few-flowered, bractless. Pedicels downy. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, serrulated, each tipped by a glandular hair, and having a few hairs on the nerves. Branchlets downy. Corollas white, with reflexed teeth. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) A native of North America, where it is a shrub, growing 3 ft. or 4 ft. high, and flowering in July and August. It was introduced in 1812; and there are plants in the London nurseries.

980

17. V. MINUTIFLO RUM Wats. The minute-flowered Whortleberry. Identification. Wats. Dend. Brit., t. 125. c.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 125. c.; and our fig. 981.

Spec. Char., &c. Racemes terminal, few-flowered. Corollas
cylindrical, with erect teeth. Leaves rather coriaceous,
bluntly subserrated, each tipped by a gland. Flowers
white. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) A native of North
America, where it is a shrub, growing to about 1 ft. high,
and flowering in July and August. Introduced in 1812. 981
18. V. GLA BRUM Wats. The glabrous Whortleberry.
Identification. Wats. Dend. Brit. t. 125. r.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.; Lodd. Cat.,
ed. 1836.
Engravings. Dend. Brit., t. 125. D.; and our fig. 982.

Spec. Char., &c. Spikes lateral.

Corollas campanulately cylindrical. Leaves elliptic, entire, glabrous. Flowers rosecoloured. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) A native of North America, flowering in July and August, and introduced in 1812. "A delicate, beautiful, and perfectly smooth plant." (Dend. Brit., t. 125.)

982

19. V. FRONDO'SUM L. The frondose Whortleberry.
Identification. Lin. Sp., 499.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836.
Synonymes. V. glaucum Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 231.; Blue Tangles, Amer.
Engraving. Andr. Bot. Rep., t. 140.

Spec. Char., &c. Racemes loose. Bracteas obovate, not half so long as the slender pedicels, which bear 2 small linear bracteoles in the middle. Leaves obovate-oblong, obtuse, entire, smooth. Flowers small, almost globular, and white. Berries large, blue, globular, eatable; called by the country people in America, blue tangles. Branchlets frondose (that is, abounding in leaves), terete, smooth, and slender. Leaves 2 in. or 3 in. long, glaucous beneath, and sprinkled with minute resinous dots. Racemes lateral, from the former year's wood. Flowers drooping, greenish white, and shaped like those of the lily of the valley, but smaller. Anthers not prominent. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) A native of North America, from New Jersey to Carolina, in open woods, where it is a shrub growing 3 ft. high, and flowering in May and June. Introduced in 1761, and frequent in British collections.

Variety.

V. f. 2 venústum Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. ii. p. 357.; V. frondòsum var. 8 lanceolatum Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., i. p. 786.-The leaves are lanceolate, and acute at both ends.

20. V. RESINO'SUM Ait. The resinous Whortleberry.

Identification. Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., vol. 2. p. 357.; Don's Mill., S. p. 854.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonyme. Andrómeda baccata Wangh. Amer., t. 30. f. 69.

Engravings. Curt. Bot. Mag., t. 1288.; and our fig. 983.

983

Spec. Char., &c. Racemes leafless, viscid, downy, with lanceolate bracteoles on the pedicels. Leaves obovate-lanceolate, bluntish, entire, covered with resinous dots. Calyx in 5 deep ovate segments, longer than the ovarium. Branches round, and downy when young. Leaves usually 1 in. long, bright green on both sides, and rather viscid. Racemes laterai, upon last year's wood, and drooping. Flowers greenish yellow. Berries black, eatable. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) A native of North America, from Canada to Carolina, where it is common in woods and on

mountains, forming a shrub growing 2 ft. high, and flowering in May and June. Introduced in 1782, and frequent in collections.

Varieties.

V. r. 2 rubéscens Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., i. p. 286., Curt. Bot. Mag.,
t. 1288., has the corollas reddish.

V. r.
3 lutescens Pursh, 1. c.; V. parviflòrum Andr. Bot. Rep., t. 125.;
has the leaves lanceolate, and the flowers reddish yellow.

21. V. ARCTOSTA'PHYLOS L. The Bear's Grape Whortleberry.

Identification. Lin. Sp., 500.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Engraving. Our fig. 984., from the plant in the Horticultural Society's Garden. Spec. Char., &c. Racemes lateral. Bracteas all at the base of the pedicels. Leaves elliptic, acute, minutely serrated, hairy beneath. Stamens as long as the corolla, which is bell-shaped, with very hairy filaments. Calyx slightly 5-lobed. Young branches downy on both sides. Leaves 2 in. long. Racemes from the wood of the preceding year, below the fresh leafy shoots, drooping, rather hairy; each composed of 8-10 pendulous flowers, of a dirty white colour, tinged with purple. Anthers spurred at the base. Corollas bell-shaped, hairy. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) A native of the coast of the Black Sea, where it was gathered by Tournefort, who describes it as a shrub about the height of a man, with a trunk as thick as a man's arm. It usually grows 8 ft. or 10 ft. high in British gardens, and flowers from April

till June. It was introduced in 1800; and, though commonly grown only as an ornamental shrub, yet might be cultivated for its fruit, which is produced in very great abundance, is agreeable to the taste, and makes excellent tarts. There are plants at White Knights upwards of 10 ft. high, and there are others in the Knaphill Nursery 6 ft. high, which produce abundance of fruit every year. All the culture required is, to place the plants in sandy peat, or in peat and leaf mould, kept moist. There seems to be a good deal of confusion, in British gardens, between this species and the following one, and we have not been able to satisfy ourselves on the subject. All that we can state with certainty is, that there are plants bearing the name of V. Arctostaphylos in Loddiges's arbore

tum, and the other places mentioned, which answer to the description given, and are well worth cultivating for their fruit.

22. V. (? A.) PADIFOLIUM Smith. The Bird-cherry-leaved Bear's Grape. Whortleberry.

Identification. Smith in Rees's Cycl., No. 22.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 854.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1886. Synonymes. V. Arctostaphylos Andr. Bot. Rep., t. 30., Curt. Bot. Mag., t. 974.; V. maderénse Link Enum., p. 375.; V. caucasicum Hort.; V. padifolium caucásicum Hort. Soc. Cat. of Fruit., edit. 1826, p. 203.

Engravings. Andr. Bot. Rep., t. 50.; Curt. Bot. Mag., t. 974.; and our figs. 985, 986.

Spec. Char., &c. Racemes lateral. Bracteas all at the base of the pedicels. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute, serrulated, smooth on both surfaces, except the midrib. Stamens nearly as long as the bell-shaped corolla, with smooth, slightly fringed filaments. Calyx 5-lobed. Co

rollas larger than those of V. Arctostaphylos, pale green, with a purple tinge: sometimes it appears to be all over purple externally. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 854.) The Caucasian plant, discovered by Pallas, is said not to differ from that of Madeira. Pallas says the berries are black, juicy, eatable, and gratefully acid; and he sometimes found the flowers 4-cleft. A shrub, from 6 ft. to 10 ft high; a native of Madeira, on the loftiest parts of the island, where it forms impenetrable thickets. It was introduced in 1777, and flowers from June till August. From observing the plants of this alleged species, of large size, in the Knaphill Nursery, in the Hammersmith Nursery, and in the Horticultural Society's Garden, we are inclined to think that it is nothing more than a variety of V. Arctostaphylos.

A. Leaves evergreen.

a. Flowers racemose.

986

23. V. CARACASA'NUM H. B. et Kunth. The Caraccas Whortleberry. Identification. H. B. et Kunth Nov. Gen. Amer., S. p. 266.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 855.

Spec. Char., &c. Racemes axillary, twice as long as the leaves. Flowers secund, octandrous or decandrous. Leaves elliptic, acute, crenulated, coriaceous, glabrous, shining above.

Anthers

2 horned on the back. Branchlets angular, glabrous. Leaves shining above, 9-10 lines long. Racemes crowded at the tops of the branches. Corolla campanulate, glabrous, reddish white, with a 4-5-parted limb. Segments ovate, acutish. Filaments membranous, ciliated. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 855.) It is a native of the southern declivity of Mount Silla de Caraccas, where it is a shrub, flowering in May and June. It was introduced in 1825.

24. V. VITIS IDEA L. The Mount Ida Whortleberry, or Cowberry. Identification. Lin. Sp., 500.; Eng. Fl. 2. p. 220.; Don's Mill., S. p. 855.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonymes. Itis ida'a rubra Cam. Epit., 136.; the red Whortleberry.

Engravings. Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 1023.; Eng. Bot., t. 598.; Fl. Dan., t. 40.; and our fig. 987. Spec. Char., &c. Racemes terminal, drooping, with ovate concave bracteas, which are longer than the pedicels. Leaves obovate, revolute, minutely toothed, dotted beneath. Corolla bell-shaped. Root creeping, woody.