6. V. CASSINOIDES L. The Cassine-like Viburnum. Identification. Lin. Sp., p. 884.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 326.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 440.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonyme. V. punctatum Rafin. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute at both ends, crenated, glabrous above, with subrevolute edges. Under side of leaves, as well as the petioles, which are keeled, and branches, which are tetragonal, covered with scurfy dots. Corymbs sessile. Flowers white. Berries ovate, and bluish black. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 440.) A native of North America, from New York to Carolina, in swamps; where it forms a shrub growing to the height of from 3 ft. to 5 ft. high, and flowering in June and July. It was introduced in 1761; and, in British gardens, attains the height of 10 ft. or 12 ft.; forming a handsome durable shrub, which increases slowly in size after it is 5 ft. or 6 ft. high. There are plants in the Horticultural Society's Garden, and at Messrs. Loddiges. 17. V. (c.) LEVIGA TUM Willd. The smooth Viburnum. Identification. Willd. Sp., 1. p. 1491.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 326.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 440. Synonymes. V. cassinoides Du Roi Harbk., 2. p. 486.; V. lanceolatum Hill, Hort. Kew., t. 19.; Cassine parágua Lin. Mant., 220.; Cassine corymbosa Mill. Icon., t. 83. f. 1. Engraving. Mill. Icon., t. 83. f. 1. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, smooth, remotely or unequally serrated, cuneated at the base, and quite entire, glabrous. Branches tetragonally 2-edged, and also glabrous. Corymbs sessile. Flowers white. Berries black. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 440.) A native of Virginia and Carolina, near the sea coast; where it forms a shrub, growing to the height of from 10 ft. to 14 ft., and flowering in June and July. It was introduced in 1724; and, in British gardens, is commonly left to take the form of a robust bulky shrub; but it may readily be trained into a handsome small tree. Culture the same as that of the preceding species. 8. V. LANTANA L. The Wayfaring Tree. Identification. Lin. Sp., p. 384.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 326.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 440. Engravings. Smith Eng. Bot., t. 331.; Jacq. Austr., t. 341.; Cam. Epit., 122.; Du Ham. Arb., 2. t. 103.; Lob. Icon., 2. t. 106.; and our fig. 785. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves cordate, rounded, finely serrated, veiny, clothed beneath, but more sparingly on the upper side, with starry mealy pubescence, like that on the branches, petioles, and peduncles. Cymes pedunculate, broad, flat, of numerous crowded white flowers. Bracteas several, small, acute. A low treet with copious, opposite, round, pliant, mealy branches. Under side of leaves and branches white from mealy down. Berries compressed in an early state, red on the outer side, yellow, and finally black, with a little mealy astringent pulp. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 441.) Varieties. 785 V. L. 2 grandifòlia Ait., V. L. latifòlia Lodd. Cat., has leaves larger than those of the species, and, according to some, ought to constitute a separate species itself. (See No. 10.) V. L. 3 folüs variegatis Lodd. Cat. has leaves variegated with white and yellow. Description, &c. A shrub, or low tree; a native of Europe and the West of Asia, in low woods and hedges, and chiefly on calcareous soils. In a state of culture, in good free soil, it forms a handsome, durable, small tree, 18 ft. or 20 ft. in height; with large broad leaves, and ample heads of white flowers, which are succeeded by fruit, at first green, afterwards red, and finally black. The fruit is greedily eaten by birds, is not unpleasant to the taste, and is considered by some as refreshing and astringent. The leaves, in autumn, die off of a fine deep red colour. Dr. Withering says that the bark of the root is used to make birdlime. The tree grows rapidly when young, often producing shoots 5 ft. or 6 ft. long, from stools in coppice woods; but becoming stationary when it has attained the height of 12 ft. or 15 ft., which it does in 5 or 6 years. In Germany, the shoots of one year are employed in basketmaking, and for tying faggots and other packages; and those of two or three years old are used for tubes to tobacco-pipes. The wood is white and hard, and may be employed for various purposes in turning and cabinet-making. Switzerland, the fruit is used for making ink. The following beautiful lines on this tree are by William Howitt. "Wayfaring tree! what ancient claim In the brown desert's weary way, "Or is it that thou lovest to show Book of the Seasons, p. 115. In Plants may be raised from seed, which may be procured in abundance from coppices and hedges, and, to save room, should be laid up in a heap in the roting-ground, like haws; for, if sown immediately after being gathered, they will not come up for 18 or 20 months. 9. V. (L.) LANTANOI DES Michx. The Lantana-like Viburnum, or American Wayfaring Tree. Identification. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 179.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 326.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 280.; Lodd. Bot. Cab., t. 1070.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 441. Synonymes. ? V. Lantana B grandifolia Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 1., vol. 1. p. 392.; V. grandifolium Smith in Rees's Cycl., No. 14.; V. Lantàna 8 canadénsis Pers. Ench., 1. p. 327.; Hobble Bush, Amer. Engravings. Bot. Cab., t. 1070.; and our fig. 786. + 786 Spec. Char., &c. Leaves roundish-cordate, abruptly acuminated, unequally serrated; serratures awnless. Branches, petioles, and nerves of leaves clothed with powdery tomentum. Corymbs terminal, almost sessile. Fruit ovate. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 441.) The outer flowers of the corymbs are abortive and radiant; a circumstance, as Sir W. J. Hooker observes, noticed by few botanists. The berries are at first red, but at length become black. In North America, it is known by the name of hobble bush. It is very like V. Lantàna, but is of more humble growth, and the leaves are larger, and tomentose. A shrub, a native of North America, from Canada to Carolina, principally in the forests called Beech Woods, about Quebec and Lake Huron; and flowering in June and July. In general appearance, it so closely resembles V. Lantana, as to leave little doubt in our minds of its being only a variety of it. There are plants in the Horticultural Society's Garden, and in Messrs. Loddiges's arboretum. 10. V. (L.) DAHU`RICUM Pall. The Dahurian Viburnum. Identification. Pall. Fl. Ross., p. 52.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 328.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 442.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836, Synonymes. Lonicera mongólica Pall. Fl. Ross., 1. t. 38. f. t. 58. f. F. G., Gmel. Sib., 3. t. 25.; Cornus däùrica Larm. Engravings. Pall. Fl. Ross., t. 38., and t. 58. f. F. G.; Gmel. Sib., 3. t. 25. Spec. Char., &c. Leaves ovate, somewhat cordate at the base, crenately serrated, beset with stellate down, as well as the branchlets. Corymbs dichotomous, few-flowered. Corollas tubular, somewhat funnel-shaped, bluntly 5-toothed. Berry 5-seeded (ex Pall., ed. 1.); 1-seeded, at first red, but at length becoming black and sweet (ex Pall., ed. 2.). Allied to V. Lantàna. Flowers yellowish white. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 443.) A shrub, growing to the height of from 6 ft. to 8 ft.; a native of Dahuria, and introduced in 1785. There are plants in the Horticultural Society's Garden, and in the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges. 11. V. (? L.) COTINIFOLIUM D. Don. The Cotinus-leaved Viburnum. Identification. D. Don Prod. Fl. Nep., 1. p. 141.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 327.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 441. Engravings. Bot. Reg., t. 1650.; and our fig. 787. from the plant in the Horticultural Society's Garden, and fig. 788. from the Bot. Reg. 788 Spec. Char., &c. Leaves roundish oval, quite entire, clothed with stellate tomentum on both surfaces, grey beneath, as well as the branches. Corymbs terminal, woolly. Flowers white. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 441.) A shrub, a native of Nepal, at Sirinagur, which is common in the Himalayas, at the height of from 5000 ft. to 7000 ft., 30° N. lat. Introduced into British gardens in 1832, or before; and flowering in the Horticultural Society's Garden in April and May. In general appearance it closely resembles V.Lantàna; but the flowers are much larger, and more tinted with pink; and neither flat nor bell-shaped, but of a distinct obconical figure. (Bot. Reg., t. 1650.) Notwithstanding these points of difference, we still think it only a variety of V. Lantana. 12. V. DENTA TUM Lin. The toothed-leaved Viburnum. Engravings. Jacq. Hort. Vind., 1. t. 36.; Wats. Dend Brit., t. 35.; and our figs. 789. and 790. 789 brous on both surfaces. Cymes America, found from New York to Carolina, in mountain woods; and also in Mexico, where it attains the height of 4 ft. or 6 ft., and flowers in June and July. It was introduced in 1763; and, though it flowers in British gardens, it does not very frequently ripen fruit there. Varieties. In the arboretum of Messrs. Loddiges, are plants named V. d. pubescens, V. d. foliis variegatis, V. acuminatum, V. longifolium, and V. montùnum, which are either varieties of, or identical with, this species. 13. V. (D.) PUBE'SCENS Pursh. The downy Viburnum. Identification. Pursh. Fl. Amer. Sept., 1. p. 202.; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 326.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 441. Spec. Char., &c. Pubescent. Leaves ovate, acuminated, on short petioles, 14. V. (D.) NI'TIDUM Ait. The shining-leaved Viburnum. Identification. Ait. Hort. Kew., 1. p. 371.; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 1. p. 202.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 326.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 440. Spec. Char., &c. Quite glabrous. Leaves linear-lanceolate, shining above, obsoletely serrated or entire. Branches tetragonal. A low shrub, with small leaves. Flowers white. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 440.) It is a native of Carolina and Georgia, in sandy barren woods; where it forms a shrub, growing from 2 ft. to 4 ft. high; flowering in May and June. Introduced in 1758. A. Hardy Species of Viburnum belonging to the Section Viburnum, not yet introduced. V. punctatum Hamilt, in D. Don. Prod. FL Nep., p. 142., is a native of Nepal, with oval-oblong leaves. V. acuminatum Wall. (Dec. Prod., 4. p. 325.) is a native of the Neellgherry Mountains, with elliptic leaves, closely resembling those of the preceding species. V. ellipticum Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer., 1. p. 280., is a native of North America, on the banks of the V. nervosum D. Don Prod. Fl. Nep., p. 141., is a native of Nepal, closely resembling V. Lantàna. V. cordifolium Wall. (Dec. Prod., 4. p. 327.) is a native of Nepal, with heart-shaped acuminated leaves, 4 in. long, and 2 in. broad. V. Mullaha Ham. in D. Don Prod. Fl. Nep., p. 141., is a native of Nepal, with ovate-acuminated leaves. V. stellatum Wall. (Dec. Prod., 4. p. 327.) is a native of Nepal, with ovate-cordate leaves, and scarlet berries. It grows to the height of 20 N. V. involucratum Wall. (Dec. Prod., 4. p. 327.) has ovate-acuminated leaves, and is also a native of Nepal, where it grows to the height of from 4 ft. to 6 ft. V. erdsum Thunb. Fl. Jap., p. 124., has broad ovate-acuminated leaves; and, in Japan, is a shrub from 4 ft. to 6 ft. high. 1 B. Half-hardy Species of Viburnum belonging to the Section Vibúrnum. V. odoratissimum Ker, V. sinénse Zeyh., Caffèa monosperma Hook. et Arn. (Bot. Reg., t. 456.; and our fig. 791.) The leaves are evergreen, glabrous, and coriaceous; and the flowers white, with the scent of those of O'lea fràgrans. The berries are red when they begin to ripen, but at length they become blackish and shining; they are 1-seeded, and crowned by the lobes of the calyx which are erect. It is a native of China, whence it was introduced in 1818, and flowers in February. It thrives against a wall, where the soil is dry, and sufficient protection is given during winter. Plants have stood out in Colvill's Nursery, King's Road, at Kew, at Syon, and in the Horticultural Society's Garden, for several years; and, though their branches are frequently injured by the frost, they never fail to spring up vigorously with the return of summer. V. villosum Swartz., Don's Mill., iii. p. 441., has the leaves ovate, acuminated, quite entire. It is a shrub, growing to the height of 5 ft. or 6 ft., a native of the south of Jamaica, on the mountains; and introduced in 1824. This species agrees with V. Tinus in the leaves being entire, and in the tomentum with V. Lantàna. V. monogynum Blum., Don's Mill., iii. p. 442., has the leaves elliptic-oblong, attenuated at both ends, glandularly denticulated above the base, paler beneath. Corymbs divaricate, terminal, downy. Flowers monogynous. A shrub, a native of Java, in woods on the mountains, said to be nearly allied to V. eròsum. fiii. O'pulus Tourn. Identification. Tourn. Inst., t. 376.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 328.; Moench Mcth., p. 605. Sect. Char. Outer flowers of the corymbs radiant and sterile, much larger than the rest, which are fertile. Seed obcordate. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 442.) Leaves mostly 3-lobed, and deciduous. 15. V. O'PULUS L. The Guelder Rose. Identification. Lin. Sp., 384.; Dec. Prod., 4. p. 328.; Don's Mill., 3. p. 442.; Lodd. Cat., ed. 1836. Synonymes. V. lobatum Lam. Fl. Fr., 3. p. 363.; O'pulus glandulosus Moench Meth., p. 505.; O'pulus Raii Syn., 460., Du Ham. Arb., 2. t. 16.; Sambucus aquática Bauh. Pin., 456., Trag. Hist., 1002., Math. Valgr., 2. p. 607.; Marsh Elder, Rose Elder, Water Elder; Viorne-Obier, l'Obier d'Europe, Fr.; Schwalkenbeer Strauch, Wasserholder, Schneeball, Ger. Derivation. Altered from Pópulus, the poplar, from some supposed resemblance between the leaves of the plants, and those of the poplar. Engravings. Engl. Bot., t. 332.; Hayn. Term., t. 32. f. 4.; Du Ham. Arb., 2. t. 16.; N. Du Ham., 2. t. 39.; and our fig. 792, Spec. Char., &c. Quite glabrous in every part. Leaves broad, 3-lobed, acuminated, unequally serrated, veiny. Petioles beset with glands towards the top, and several oblong leafy appendages lower down. Cymes pedunculate, white, with linear bracteas; with several of the marginal flowers dilated, flat, radiant, and without stamens or pistils. Berries elliptical, bright red, very juicy, but bitter and nauseous. Seed compressed. Branches smooth, green. Leaves bright green in summer, but in autumn assuming a beautiful pink or crimson hue, like other European species of genera that are principally American; such as Córnus, Rhús, Quércus, &c.; and of which the American species have the same quality. 792 Flowers white. Berry crowned by the limb of the calyx. (Don's Mill., iii. p. 442.) A shrub, or low tree, growing to the height of from 6 ft. to 12 ft., in a wild state, and higher in gardens. It is found throughout Europe, and part of Asia, in moist hedges and swampy thickets; flowering in May and June. It is frequent in Britain, and also in Sweden, as far north as lat. 61°. Varieties. V. O. 2 stérilis Dec. Prod., iv. p. 328., Don's Mill., iii. p. 442.; V. O. |