( 38 ) USEFUL ARTS. Machine for dressing Cloth.-Monsieur Beauduin Kameune has made some improvements on a machine of this nature, the object of which is to obtain a greater degree of celerity in the napping of cloths, added to a greater perfection in the same operation than that accomplished by any other mechanism. Although it is constructed upon the same principle as the machines already well known, it nevertheless varies from them in an essential degree, inasmuch as the teazels with which the cylinders are supplied seize the cloth with double effect, and consequently give at the same moment two strokes for one. In another particular also, not less important, it differs from the machines already in use, and that is, that it dispenses with the necessity of the workman's removing the teazels for the purpose of cleaning them; since that operation is effected spontaneously and incessantly, as the work itself proceeds, and without loss of time, by means of a second cylinder furnished with brushes, and revolving with great rapidity. The advantages which this machine presents over those now in use, consist-1st. In the cost of labour being diminished, and the produce being double that of the common machines; whence it results that half the time requisite for completing this department in the preparation of cloth is economised:-2nd. In the economy of expense and time bestowed in cleaning, which was heretofore entrusted to children; moreover, in husbanding the teazels, whereby their du ration is extended-3rd. Finally, in the force consumed, being much less than that of two common frames; the whole at the same time occupying the space of one frame only. Dial or Watch for indicating the precise time of observation.-This watch or dial is composed, according to custom, of five wheels and a cylindrical escapement. It performs 18,000 vibrations in an hour, that The hand is to say, five every second. then makes five little leaps in each space between the divisions of the dial. The stay of the hand can act upon one only of these leaps, which limits the inaccuracy in the movement to less than a fifth of a second, a precision amply sufficient for the required purpose. When the machinery is to be set in motion, this is effected by pressing a button similar to that used in repeaters, the action of which may be stopped at pleasure, according to the will of the person making the observation. The arrested hand is then examined, and the second with its fraction of stoppage is noted; this fraction is obviously the place at which the stoppage was made, in dividing the whole space between the two divisions into five parts, noting at Machine for cutting Veneering Wood into The construction is simple, combining the advantage of cutting the precious woods without waste and very rapidly, to an extraordinary extent, and so thin that they have been employed for the covering of books, and for lithographic and other engraving. One hundred feet in length of veneering may be cut in the space of three minutes. They begin by placing the timber from which the leaf is to be cut upon a square axle, when it is revolved and made circular with a turner's gouge. The blade of a plane of highly-tempered steel, and rather longer than the cylinder, is fixed at the extremity of a frame of 6 or 7 feet in length, in such a manner as to exert a constant pressure upon the cylinder, and pare off a sheet of an equal thickness, which folds upon another cylinder like a roll of linen. The frame to which the blade is attached is moveable at its lower extremity, and as it is charged, it depresses in proportion as the mass diminishes in substance. That this depression may be progressive and perfectly regular, the inventor has appended a regulator to the machine, consisting of a flat brass plate, preserved in an inclined position, upon which the frame descends as the regulator itself is advanced. The motion is communicated to the cylinder by means of several cog-wheels, which are turned by a crank. Machine for drilling Cast-iron.-This machine, which acts upon the principle of the stock and bit, is simple and solid, being composed entirely of iron. It acts with as much regularity as promptitude. The block to be perforated being firmly fixed upon a solid plank, the drill is brought down upon it. The operation consists in turning a fly which plays upon a roller, the cord, to which is fastened the lever centre-bit. The moving power being acted upon, the tool turns with considerable rapidity, but as the weight of the furniture would not be of itself sufficient to urge it forward in proportion to the progress of the bore, the fly is kept constantly turning. When the hole is perforated, the tool is withdrawn by raising the furniture, which preserves its vertical position, whatever may be the degree of elevation or depression of the lever to which it is suspended. Sandals for Horses.—An English saddler, named Tade, says "Le Petit Courrier des Dames," has invented a sandal for horses. It is fastened on with strings of leather, instead of nails, and is so managed that it may be put on or removed, as the rider wishes, in less than a minute. The object of this invention is to enable the rider to replace at once, during a journey, any of the iron shoes which may be lost, and to continue his journey without fear of exposing the animal to the accidents which might result from the loss of a shoe. The lightness of the shoe, which weighs no more than half the iron one, and its portable form, as it can be carried with ease in the pocket, or behind the saddle, are great improvements; moreover it may be taken off when horses are grazing, even for a short time. New Boiling Apparatus.-Mr. Perkins, the celebrated engineer, has recently discovered and obtained a patent for a new mode of boiling, by a process so simple that it is a subject of surprise to all who see it that it has not been earlier among our useful improvements. It consists in placing within a boiler, of the form common to the purpose to which it is applied, and of all capacities, from coffeepots to steam-boilers, a vessel so placed that it may, by slight stays, be kept at equal distances from the sides and the bottom of the boiler, and having its rim below the level of the liquid: the inner vessel has a hole in the bottom, about one-third of its diameter. On the application of the fire to the boiler, the heated liquor rises in the space between the two vessels, and its place is supplied by the descent of the column in the inner vessel, or, as Mr. Perkins calls this part of the apparatus, the circulator; for the ascending portion having the space it occupied supplied by the descending liquid in the centre, and the level of the centre being kept up by the running in of the heated portion which has risen on the sides, a circulation rapidly begins and continues; thus bringing into contact with the heated bottom and sides of the boiler the coldest portion of the liquid. By this process the rapidity of evaporation is excessive, far exceeding that of any method previously known; whilst the bottom of the boiler, having its acquired heat constantly carried off by the circulating liquid, never burns out, nor rises in temperature many degrees above the heat of the liquid. In many manufactures this is a most important discovery, especially in salt-works, brewers' boilers, and for steam-boilers; and, applied to our culinary vessels, no careless cook can burn what she has to dress in a boiler by neglecting to stir it, as the circulation prevents the bottom of the boiler from ever acquiring heat enough to do mischief. We need hardly add that this discovery is esteemed by men of science to be one of the most useful and important of the present day. PATENTS LATELY GRANTED. Joshua Bates, of Bishopsgate-street, London, gentleman, for improvements in machinery or apparatus for roving, twisting, or spinning cotton, silk, wool, hemp, flax, or other fibrous substances. Communicated by a foreigner, residing abroad. Sarah Guppy, of Tarway House, Clifton, near Bristol, widow, for a method of applying and arranging certain pieces of cabinet work, upholstery, and other articles, commonly or frequently applied to bedsteads and hangings; and also others not hitherto so applied. James Macdonald, of the University Club house, Pall Mall East, gentleman, for a certain improvement or improvements in the construction of bridges made of iron, or other materials, which improvements are also applicable to the construction of piers, rail-roads, roofs, and other useful purposes. Communicated by a foreigner, residing abroad. Thomas Brunton, of Park-square, Regent's Park, Esq. and Thomas John Fuller, of the Commercial-road, Limehouse, civil engineer, for their improvement or improvements on certain mechanical apparatus, applicable to the raising of water, and other useful purposes. Thomas Brunton, of Park-square, Regent's Park, Esq. for a new application or adaptation of certain apparatus for heating fluids or liquids, and generating steam for various useful purposes. George Minter, of Princes-street, Soho, cabinet maker, for a fastening for dining-tables and other purposes. Arthur Howe Holdsworth, of Dartmouth, Devon, Esq. for improvements in the construction of rudders, and in the application of the same to certain descriptions of ships or vessels. David Selden, of Liverpool, merchant, for an improved carding and slubbing engine for wool and other fibrous substances. Trendall's Designs for Cottages and Villas, 4to. 17. 11s. 6d. Valpy's Classical Library, No. XXIV.; Plutarch, Vol. 2. 18mo. 4s. 6d. Mary Gray, by A. Knight, 2s. Fanny and her Mother, 18mo. 1s. 6d. bia 4to. 21s.; Proofs before letters, colombia 4to. 17. 11s. 6d. Time's Telescope for 1832, 9s. cloth. Poetic Offering, 32mo. 2s. cloth; 3s. silk. French Poetical Gift, 12mo. 4s. bds.; 5s. 6d. silk. Norton's Elements of Diagnosis, &c. Svo. 5s. Dobræi Adversaria, Vol. I. Part II. 8vo. 6s. 6d. The Art of Skaiting, by a Skaiter, with plates, 12mo. Is. NOVELS. Tales of My Landlord, Fourth Series; Count Robert of Paris, and Castle Dangerous, by Sir Walter Scott, 4 vols. post 8vo. 21. 2s. The Cabal, a Tale of the Reign of William IV. 2 vols. post 8vo. 14s. Romance and Reality, by L. E. L. 3 vols. 8vo. 17. 11s. 6d. Standard Novels, No. X. 12mo. 6s. Miss Mitford's American Stories, Second Series, 3 vols. 18mo. 10s. 6d. The Robber, by the Author of " 3 vols. post 8vo. 1. 11s. 6d. Chartley," The Invasion, by the Author of " The Collegians," 4 vols. post 8vo. 21. 2s. POETRY. Chaunt of the Cholera, Songs for Ireland, &c. by the Authors of "Tales by the O'Hara Family," 12mo. 3s. 6d. Geological Sketches, &c., by Maria Hack, Rev. J. Wills, 12mo. 8s. 6d. 12mo. 9s. The Disembodied, with other Poems, by the Thoresby's Correspondence, 2 vols. 8vo. 17. 88. Anecdotes of Hogarth, Part I., with Plates, 6s. sewed; India proofs, 9s. sewed. Polytechnic Library; Domestic Chemist, Vol. II. 18mo. 4s. Stories of Animals, Second Series, by Maria Hannay's Representation of England, 8vo. 8s. Easy Lessons, with sixteen steel engravings, 18mo. 3s. 6d. Flynn's Latin Grammar, 12mo. 1s. 6d. Dr. Webster's English Dictionary, 2 vols. 4to. 51. 10s. Hood's Comic Annual for 1832, 12s. Gallery of the Society of Painters in Watercolours, Part I. imperial 4to. Prints, 10s. 6d.; Proofs, colombia 4to. 18s.; India Proofs, colom THEOLOGY. Anthologia Sacra, or Select Theological Extracts, 8vo. 14. 48. Hughes's Divines, No. XIX.-Hall's Contemplations, Vol. II. 8vo. 7s. 6d. Rev. Thomas Gill's Family Book of Common Prayer, 18mo. Is. 6d. Progress of the Gospel in Polynesia, 18mo. 3s. 6d. Sacred History, for the use of the Edinburgh Sessional School, Part IV. 18mo. 3s. Paley's Works, in 1 vol. crown 8vo. 10s. 6d. Beverley's Sermon on the Unknown Tongues, Is. The Theological Library, No. I.-Life of Wiclif, by the Rev. C. W. Le Bas, 12mo. 6s. TRAVELS. Boyle's Account of the Western Coast of Africa, 8vo. 12s. Travels in the North of Europe, by C. B. Elliott, Esq. 1 vol. 8vo. 15s. LITERARY REPORT. The second and concluding volume of the interesting "Correspondence of David Garrick" is just ready for publication, containing a variety of Letters from the most eminent Persons of his Time in Europe; among others, of Voltaire, Grimm, Le Kain, Madame Riccoboni, the Abbé Morellet, Preville, Mademoiselle Clairon, &c. &c. "The Memoires of the celebrated Duchesse de St. Leu, Hortense, Ex-Queen of Holland," are nearly ready for publication. The long-promised "Memoirs of Sir James Campbell of Ardkinglas," are also said to be in a forward state. A new work from the pen of that favourite writer, Mr. Horace Smith, to be entitled "Romance of the Early Ages," will shortly make its appearance. The plan is understood to possess many features of novelty. Mr. Galt has nearly eady a new novel, to be called "Stanley Buxton; or the Schoolfellows." The Author, we understand, brings together a knot of schoolfellows in advanced life, who relate the vicissitudes of their early lives. "The Cottagers of Glenburnie," by Miss Hamilton, will be shortly introduced into that popular series of fiction, "The Standard Novels." A second edition of Dr. Granville's "Catechism of Health" is now published. The first edition of this useful work was sold in a few days. A new work may soon be expected from the caustic pen of the successful Author of "Mothers and Daughters." It is to be entitled "The Opera; a Story of the Beau Monde." The story of naval life, now on the eve of appearance, to be entitled "The Adventures of a Younger Son," is understood to be the work of one of Lord Byron's most intimate friends, whose life, which this story is partly intended to delineate, was marked by more singular events than even that of the noble poet. Mr. James's "Memoirs of Celebrated Military Commanders" will appear early in January. "Recollections of the late Robert William Elliston, Esq." by Pierce Egan, with a likeness of the distinguished actor from Bruccini's bust, is about to be published. Mr. Keightley announces a new edition of his "Mythology of Greece and Italy," in an abridged form, chiefly intended for the use of schools and young persons. The Second Volume of "A Concise View of the Succession of Sacred Literature," by J. B. B. Clarke, M.A. will be shortly published. Mr. Macfarlane (the author of "Constantinople in 1828," &c.) is about to publish, by subscription, a work under the attractive title of "The Seven Churches," illustrated by seven etchings from views taken on the spot, and a Map of the most interesting regions of Asia-Minor. "A History and Character of American Revivals of Religion," by the Rev. Calvin Cotton, of America, is about to appear. Saturday Evening," by the Author of "Natural History of Enthusiasm," in 1 vol. 8vo. is announced. "A Numismatic Manual, or Guide to the Study of Ancient and Modern Coins," by John Y. Akerman, is in the press. Messrs. W. and E. Finden are about to publish a series of Landscape Illustrations to Lord Byron, to suit Mr. Murray's new and complete edition of his Works: they are announced at so exceedingly small a price (half-a-crown for four landscapes and a portrait), that only a most extensive sale can answer their purpose. A new edition of "Brown's Self-Interpreting Bible," with additional Marginal Notes, &c. "The Double Trial, or the Consequences of an Irish Clearing;" a Tale of the Present Day, by the Rev. C. Lucas. "A Six Weeks' Tour in Switzerland and France," by the Rev. William Liddiard, author of "the Legend of Einsidlin," &c. "Advice to a Young Christian, on the importance of aiming at an elevated Standard of Piety," by a Village Pastor. Part IV. of "Rickards on the Trade with India," to complete the second volume. "An Essay on the Rights of Hindoos over Ancestral Property, according to the Law of Bengal," by Rajah Rammohun Roy; and also, by the same author, "Remarks on East India Affairs, with a Dissertation on the Ancient Boundaries of India, its Civil and Religious Divisions, and Suggestions for the future Government of the Country." "The Records of a Good Man's Life," by the Rev. Charles B. Taylor, M.A., author of "May You Like It," &c. "The History of the Jews in all Ages, written upon Scriptural principles," by the Author of "History in all Ages." Kidd's Guide to the "Lions" of London. "Summer Thoughts and Rambles;" a collec. tion of Tales, Facts, and Legends, by H. G. Bell, author of "Summer and Winter Hours," &c. "Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress," with many engravings on wood by G. W. Bonner, and Explanatory Notes by W. Mason. Sir James Mackintosh is announced to write the brief Memoir of the late Rev. Robert Hall, with a Sketch of his Literary Character, in the sixth volume of his works. It is to be accompanied by a Sketch of Mr. Hall's Character as a Theologian and a Preacher, by Mr. Foster, Author of the "Essays on Decision of Character." "The Shakspearian Dictionary; being a com. plete Collection of the Expressions of Shakspeare, in Prose and Verse, from a few Words to Fifty or more Lines." By Thomas Dolby, Gent. "Who can they be? or a Description of a singular Race of Aborigines inhabiting the Summits of the Neilgherry Hills, or Blue Mountains of Coimbatoor," by Captain H. Harkness. BIOGRAPHICAL PARTICULARS OF CELEBRATED PERSONS, LADY EDWARD FITZGERALD. The story of this lady, who died at Paris during the past month, is, in truth, a romance of real life. The mystery of her birth has never been fully explained. It has been positively affirmed that she was the daughter of Madame de Genlis by the Duke of Orleans (the infamous Egalité), and we observe she has been so described by several of the newspapers, in giving publicity to her death. Upon what ground the statement has been made, we are at a loss to conceive. Madame de Genlis, who, we imagine, must have known pretty accurately whether or not she had given birth to the child, is exceedingly circumstantial in detailing certain particulars connected with her history, which, if they had obtained credit, would have silenced scandal and set the matter at rest. It would appear, that about the year 1782, the Duke of Orleans committed the education of his children to Madame de Genlis, who, anxious that they should become perfect in the living languages, had taken into their service English and Italian female domestics, and moreover resolved on educating with her pupils a young English girl of nearly their own age. The Duke was then in correspondence with a Mr. Forth, and requested him to find out and forward to France a handsome little girl, of from five to six years old. Mr. Forth immediately executed the commission, and sent by his valet a horse, together with the infant, and accompanied by a note in these words -"I have the honour to send to your Highness the finest mare and the prettiest little girl in all England." This infant was Pamela, afterwards Lady Fitzgerald. When the gallant but unhappy Lord Edward proposed marriage to her young protogée, Madame de Genlis conceived it her duty to lay before his Lordship such papers as had reference to points upon which a husband might naturally desire to be informed. "She was,' says Madame, "the daughter of a man of high birth, named Seymour, who married in spite of his family a young woman of the lowest class, called Mary Syms, and went off with her to Newfoundland, on the coast of America, where he established himself at a place called Fogo. There Pamela was born, and received the name of Nancy. Her father died, and the mother returned to England with her child, then eighteen months' old. As her husband was disinherited, she was reduced to great misery, and forced to work for her bread. She had settled at Christ Church, which Mr. Forth passed through four years after, and being ommissioned by the Duke of Orleans to send us a young English girl, he saw this girl, and obtained her from her mother. When I began to be really attached to Pamela, I was very uneasy lest her mother might be desirous of claiming her by legal process; that is, lest she might threaten me with doing so, to obtain grants of money it would have been out of my power to give. I consulted several English lawyers on the subject, and they told me that the only means of protecting myself from this species of persecution was to get the mother to give me her daughter as an apprentice for the sum of twenty-five guineas. She agreed, and according to the usual forms, appeared in the Court of King's Bench before Lord Chief-Justice Mansfield. She there signed an agreement, by which she gave me her daughter as an apprentice till she became of age, and could not claim her from me till she paid all the expenses I had been at for her maintenance and education; and to this paper Lord Mansfield put his name and seal, as Lord Chief-Justice of the Court of King's Bench."* Her arrival at the Palais Royal, however, occasioned odd conjectures. She was educated with the princes and princesses, as a companion and friend; she had the same masters, was taken equal care of, partook of their sports, and her astonishing resemblance to the Duke's children would have made her pass for their sister, were it not for her foreign accent. Whilst Pamela and the young Princesses were pursuing their studies in the delightful retreat of Belle-chasse, the Revolution broke out. The Duke of Orleans and his two sons, the Dukes of Chartres and Montpensier, warmly supported its principles. Madame de Genlis was then an admirer of the Constituent Assembly-Pamela participated in her enthusiasm for liberty, and every Sunday the distinguished members of that assembly met at Belle-chasse. Barrere, Petion, David, were constantly at her soirées, and there, in the presence of these young girls, seriously discussed the important questions of the day. Pamela, abounding in beauty and every mental accomplishment, had just reached her fifteenth year, and the Duke of Orleans had directed his notary to draw out a settlement of fifteen hundred livres a year upon her. The notary declared that the orphan was not competent to receive the annuity unless she had a guardian. "Well then," replied the Duke, "let herself choose a guardian-enough of Deputies come to Belle-chasse, so that she Memoirs of the Countess de Genlis, vol. iv. p. 128-9. |