ter l'échange d'une paffion contre une autre. Comme dans le méde cine et la chirurgie on ne guérit fouvent une maladie qu'en en ubitituant une autre, de même dans le traitement des affections morales, il faut quelquefois détruire les paffions les unes par les autres." This work, which appears to be of importance to profeffional perfons, may likewife be useful to others, who either already poffefs a power over their imagination, or who wish to acquire it. But the au thor feems to us to make man too much of a machine. Spectat. du Nord. ART. 59. Correfpondance de Louis-Philippe-Jofeph d'Orleans, avec Louis XVI., la Reine, Mont-Morin, Liancour, Biron, Lafayette, &c. avec des détails fur fon exil à Villers-Cotterets et fur la conduite qu'il a tenu aux 5 et 6 Octobre, écrite par lui; fuivie de fes lettres à fa femme, à fes enfans, et de celles de Mme. de Genlis, auxquelles on a joint un extrait du journal du fils ainé d'Orleans, écrit jour par lui même. Publiée par L. C. R. Pr. 4. fr. Paris, An. 9. The object of the editor in publishing this Correfpondence, was not, as he has obferved in the Introduction, to give the history of d'Or. leans, nor that' of what is called his faction, but to fix the wavering, and hitherto uncertain, opinion in regard to this perfonage. His own he expreffes as follows: Depuis l'aurore de la révolution, le nom de d'Orleans eft dans toutes les bouches, et je n'ai vu perfonne qui pût dire avec quelque fondement cet homme avoit tel but. L'opinion vulgaire portoit fon ambition jufqu'à s'emparer du trône; pour moi, j'ofe dire que je n'en crois rien. Je penfe bien que certains perfonnages, qui ont joué de grands rôles dans l'affemblée conftituante, ont voulu lui in-. fpirer ce defir; mais je fuis perfuadé que l'envie de fe verger du roi et des mépris de la reine, a été le principal mobile de fes actions. D'ail leurs, à moins que l'on ne l'eût porté fur le trône, il n'auroit jamais eu le courage d'y monter lui-même." This collection is divided into two parts. The firft contains the political correfpondence of d'Orleans; the fecond, his particular corref pondence. His letters to the king are filled with proteftations of the moft refpectful attachment. He takes particular pains to clear himfelf, in the others, from the charge urged against him of having been concerned in the bufinefs of the 5th and 6th of October, and of having contributed, either by himself or by his agents, to the troubles that agitated France. In his particular correfpondence, the political principles of d'Orleans are fully difplayed; in thefe, he withed his children should be educated. Hence his diffatisfaction with his wife, whofe political opinions did not agree with his; hence his connection with vime de Sillery, to whom he entrusted the education of his children. An idea of the principles which this celebrated woman gave them, may be formed from the journal of the eldest fon of d'Orleans, which concludes the work. Ibid. ART. 60. Des Signes et de l'art de penfer, confidérés dans leurs rapports mutuels; par Mr. Dégérando. Paris. Science naturally prefents itfelf to us under two different afpects; the obfervations which form its principles; and the rules which direct us as in the application of them. The latter ferves to convince us of the utility of our labour, and the former of its folidity. Accordingly, the author has divided his work into two parts; the fift is intended to fhow how the human mind has arrived at the point where it now is ; the fecond, to examine what it may hereafter be, and what reforms its proceffes ftill require. The first part is the only one that has yet been given to the public, forming the iubject of the two firft volumes. The history of ideas, and of the correfponding figus, are naturally divided into two very diftinct epochs; the first comprehends the creation of all the fpecies of ideas, and the inftitution of all the fpecies of figns; the fecond treats of the ufe which the mind makes of these ideas, and of thefe figs, when they are once in its power. Thus the phyfiologift begins by defcribing the different parts of the body, and by explaining their formation, paffing afterwards to the study of their functions, and of their relations. Thefe two epochs give occafion to the divifion of the first part of the work into two fections; one of which treats of ideas and figns, confidered in their origin and their formation, while the other exhibits them in thofe operations, of which they become the caufe, the means, or the fubject. We are encouraged to expect a second part of this very valuable and ingenious work. In it the author proposes to difcufs the different means of improvement, of which language will admit. After having followed him through his hiftory, he will favour us with his prophecy. There is no fcience which is not fufceptible of being prefented under thefe two different points of view. But to acquire this right of prediction, we ought, like the au hor, to have observed much. The fecret of the future is in the paft, and it is there only that a perfon of found judgment and reflection will attempt to feck for it. GERMANY. Ibid. ART. 61. Caroli Davidis Ilgenii, Philof. et LL. 00. Prof. in Acad. Jen. P. O. et Soc. Lat. Jen. Sodal. bon. Opufcula varia philologica. Tomus primu, 331 pp. Tomus fecundus, 116 pp. 8vo. Pr. 1 Rixd. 12 gr. Erfurt. This collection, the different articles of which had before been feparately published, and defervedly approved, confifts of the following pieces: 1. Leonidæ Tarentini Epigramma in Venerem Anadyomenen, Poefeos ejus Specimen, 1785; 2. Chorus Græcorum tragicus qualis fuerit, et quare ufus ejus hodie revocari nequeat, 1788; 3. Neftore feliciffimi fenis exemplo Homerum non magis del are quam prodeffe, 1789; 4. EipeσwYY Homeri et alia pofeos mendicorum Græcorum Specimina cum nonnullis noftri temporis carminibus ex boc genere comparata; 5. De imbre lapideo et Solis ac Lune mora inter pugnam Ifraelitarum jub Jofuæ aufpiciis cum Amorrais; 6. Hermefianactis Elegiarum fcriptoris celeberrimi Fragmentum ab Athen. L. XIII. p. 597 fervatum, emendatius editum et animadverfionibus illuftratum, Lipf. 1790, greatly improved in this reimpreffion; and, and, laftly, 7. Animadverfiones hiftorice et critice in Ciceronis orationem pro Archia poëta, Lipf. 1793. Jena ALZ. ART. 62. 1. Luciani Samofatenfis Quæftio, Quomodo bifloria fit fcribenda, Græce. Selectis aliorum fuifque aunotationibus illuftravit, et indicem vocabulorum ac rerum adjecit M. Augustus Frider. Wilh. Rudolphus, Ord. Philof. in Acad. Viteberg. Adjunctus et Acad. Bibliothecar. xxii. and 166 pp. in 1. 8vo. Leipzig. ART. 63. 2. Λουκιανου Σαμοσατεως απαντα. In the first of these articles. intended for the purpofe of academical lectures, the text adopted by Mr. R. is generally that of the Amfterdam edition, though not without frequent corrections of typographical errata, and of the punctuation. On the felection of various readings with which this edition is accompanied, he expreffes himself thus: In afferenda lectionis varietate non id fecutus fum ut optimas folas adjicerem; ita potius quamque attuli, ut quæque earum mihi maxime occafionem præbere videbatur de lectionum origine et pretio differendi. In the opinions given of their comparative merit, confiderable erudition and judgment are fhown. The other part of the notes is illuftrative, and borrowed, ia a great measure, from the edition of Reizius. Mr. R. has, however, availed himself of Wieland's traflation, and not unfrequently thrown new light upon obfcure paffages, by an improved or different verfion of his own. The Indexes will likewife be found to be very co. pious and ufeful, and to the whole is prefixed a learned and interesting Introduction, giving an account of the writer's plan and object in the compofition of this Treatife, as well as of the authorities to which he refers, and of the authors, ftill extant, from whofe works this may be elucidated, or whom he appears to have imitated; among whom, we often meet with Ariftophanes. Ibid. In No. 2, we have every thing valuable in the Bipontine edition of Lucian, and in the numerous editions of feparate parts of the works of this author, which have been published within the last ten years, brought together by a perfon who must be acknowledged to be highly qualified for the undertaking; and who has ma le a very judicious ufe of a large acceffion of new materials, with which he was provided. Ibid. ART. 64. Plan pour faire fervir les voyages à la culture des jeunes-gens qui fe vouent au fervice de l'état dans la carrière, politiques, accompagné d'un précis hiftorique de l'ujage de voyager et d'une table pour faciluer les obfervations flacftiques et politiques; le tout fuivi de l'efquiffe d'une portefeuille à l'usage des voyageurs et de celle d'une carte de staustique; avec le portrait de l'auteur. Vienne, in 4to. 108 pp. The l'edication to this work is equally fimple and interesting: A Charles François Duc de Giovanne, par fu Mère. In the Introduction, the author, who has diftinguished herself by other approved pieces, gives a Précis byftorique d l'afage de voyager, in which he obferves, that the Greeks were the firt travellers who had pour pour but déterminé l'inftruction génerale où particulière. Among thofe which were undertaken by the Phenicians, the Egyptians, the Perfians, the Grecks, the Carthaginians, the Romans, the diftinguithes the expeition of Scylax, who fell wed the course of the Indus to the place where it di'charges itfel into the fea; the voyage of Dionyfius of Carax into the interior of Afia; the expedit on of Hanno beyond the pillars of Hercules; that of Drufus, the fift of the Roman Generals who failed on the northern fea; that of Agricola to the Orcades; the voyages of the Emperors Trajan and Adrian; of the Conful irian, &c. &c. Thefe vyes of difc, very are not connected with the author's plan, any more than many philofophical or Fterary voyages, of which he finds numerous examples among the ancients, and will more among the moderns. She propofes a courfe of inftruction for young perlons intending to travel; which has, indeed, been realzed at Götingen within the laft twenty years; thanks to the zeal and talen.s of fome Profeffors there, particularly of the celebrated Schlözer. 66 Voyager," fays he, c'ett étudier les chofes et les homanes par la pratique; c'eft lire dans le grand livre du monde; mais il faut avoir appris à y lire." The preparatory ftudies which the author recommends to perfons who propofe to travel, are agriculture and rural economy in general; the hiftory of the fciences and of the arts, both liberal and mechanical; history, properly fo called; geography, divided into mathematical, phyfical, and political; law; the belles-lettres and fine arts; languages, travelling without which is, according to Bacon, “ going to fchool"; drawing, fo neceffary to the memory, and to the imagination; mufic, cultivated without paffion; dancing; riding; fencing; and iwimming; which fhould perhaps have taken the lead in this lift. Of the German univerfities, the obferves, that Si les univerfités étoient organifées par-tout comme elles le font en Allemagne et que l'ufage de les fréquenter y fût commun à toutes les claffes comme dans ce pays, je me ferois bornée à dire que le jeune-homme devoit n'entreprendre les voyages qu'en quittant l'univerfité, et après avoir achevé fes differens cours. Par la même raison, j'ai omis de parler des études des langues mortes, des mathématiques et d'autres que tout jeune homme qui a terminé fes claffes ett centé avoir faites préalablement." In the fecond divifion of this first part, the Dutchefs de G. treats of the objects which contribute effentially to the utility of travel, and of the arrangements which ought to precede it. "Homère et Fénélon s'attachent moins à nous représenter Télémaque entre les mains de la fageffe dans fon enfance et dans fa première jeuneffe, que de l'en faire accompagner dans les pays étrangers, parce que cette dernière éducation de l'homme, celle qu'il reçoit du monde, eft celle qui exige de la part de celui qui l'y guide un furcrait de lumière et de prudence." Accordingly, the is here principally occupied with the qualities of the Mentor who is to accompany her young traveller. He is, at any rate, not to be that pedant whole picture the great Frederic has amufed himself in drawing, in his epiitle to Rothemburg on travelling, and who Brutalement favant, fans monde, fans manières, The The objects propofed to the obfervation of the young traveller, are the civil, economical, and political details of different countries; the na ture of the government; the measures taken to maintain the laws; to enfure public fafety; to prevent crimes; to fatisfy receffity, and diminish unhappiness; cuftoms and ufages, both civil and religious; public diverfions, particularly the theatres; the beauties of nature; the chef-d'awores of art, &c. пес Having fuggefted a plan for the obfervation of thefe feveral objects, the author treats of the conduct of the young traveller, and we may form a judgment of the principles which prevail in this part, from the following invocation, which ferves as a fort of prelude to it. "Verta, fille du ciel, la gloire et le bonheur de l'humanité; toi, par qui l'homme s'élève au plus haut degré de dignité qu'il puille atteindre; où la fortune et la volupté déployent en vain leurs charmes pour le féduire; où l'adverfité avec fon effrayant cortège cherche en vain à l'abattre par fes coups redoublés; toi, qui fus mon guide par le fentier pénible que j'ai du fuivre; ch! lois auffi celui de mon fils! Soutiens fes pas chancelans dans cet âge, où ton appui eft si néceffaire, foit que la fortune nous fourie, foit que le malheur nous mece! Guide également la jeunesle à qui je confacre mes foibles talens, et que la fainte ardeur que ton culte m'inspire, anime les préceptes que je Îni propose pour fa conduite dans le monde." She thinks, with Rouffeau, that les voyages pouffent le naturel vers ja pente, et achevent de rendre l'homme bon ou mauvais. The work is terminated by an advertifement, concerning the end. and ufe of three plates which are annexed to it. The firit prefents a table of political and flatiftical obfervations, according to the actual ftate of civilized nations; the fecond gives an idea of a port-folio, for the use of travellers; the third exhibits a sketch of a fatidical chart of a monarchic government. The public will be anxious to fee the additional ftatistical charts promifed by the Dutchefs de Guvanne. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS TO CORRESPONDENTS. We should be unreasonable, if we were not fatisfied with the proof fent by Mr. Lewis, that the Tales of Wonder are now the property of the publisher. But, without being uncandid, we may afk one queftion-Before they were fold to him, was not the price enhanced by that fecond volume which is made up of materials, which, in one part or other, deferve feverally the epithets of Hamlet's World, except the last, "vile, ftale, flat, and unprofitable ?" We had not overlooked, nor fhall forget the two publications mentioned by Mr. Halloran. Amidst the multiplicity of claimants for notice, fome muft wait; and we must not allow too much influence even to the handfome compliment of presenting a book to us. To other Gorrefpondents deliring notice, the fame anfwer may be given. A Friend |