BIBLIOGRAPHER.

Some

Evan Campbell has a rambling protest against Commercialism in Book-Collecting, and defends the extra-illustration of books as a hobby.

Miss Hasse writes of The First Published Proceedings of an American Legislature. New York was the pioneer, printing the proceedings of the Assembly during the first session of the fifth legislature, in 1695. The copy described was discovered by the writer in the Public Record Office, London.

Col. W. F. Prideaux contributes some additions to W. M. Rossetti's Bibliography of the Works of Dante Gabriel Rossetti.

BOOK OF BOOK-PLATES.

The January issue has recently reached us, containing a paper on German book-plates by Stewart Dick, with thirteen plates by German artists. Three plates by Miss R. M. M. Pitman are given. A correspondent suggests that stencils and dies can be used effectively for book-marking. Charpentier's bas-reliefs are cited as showing the artistic results obtainable with an embossing die.

BOOKMAN (LONDON).

The April number is a Burns number, notable for its many reproductions of portraits, silhouettes, paintings, illustrations and photographs. Sir George Douglas has a critical paper on Burns, and W. S. Crockett describes his homes and haunts.

BULLETIN DU BIBLIOPHILE ET DU

BIBLIOTHECAIRE.

In the issue of March 12th Baron Roger Portalis publishes an obituary of Baron Anatole de Claye who died on February 13th. The three great influences, says the reviewer, dominating the life of the Baron of Claye, were his religious sentiments, his political convictions and his love of collecting. Since 1897, under

the pseudonym of d'Eylac, de Claye, in conjunction with Pierre Dauze, has directed the management of the Revue Biblio-Iconographie. A Florentine story-writer of the 16th century, Antonfrancesco Grazzini, called Le Lasca, is the subject of an article by Ál. Van Bever and Ed. Sansoy-Orland. Grazzini, who was born 1503 and died 1583, is particularly known for his comedies and his collection of stories entitled Le Cene. This article on Grazzini is an extract from Les Conteurs Italiens des XIV., XV. and XVI. Siecles, which the authors now have in preparation.

The third installment of Henry Harisse's defence of the Abbé Prevost embraces the years 1720-1763.

That the election of M. A. Claudin to the rank of Chevalier de le Legion d'Honneur has been the cause of unusual satisfaction among bookish circles in France, is evidenced by the universal expressions of pleasure that poured in upon the great bibliographer. Henry Leclerc and Edouard Rahir organized a fete to celebrate the decoration of the author of the Histoire de Imprimerie en France au XV. et au XVI. Siecle. The fete is described in full, with contents of letters, toasts, etc.

BULLETIN OF BIBLIOGRAPHY. Frederick W. Faxon gives, under the name of "Ephemeral Bibelots" a bibliography of the modern chap-books and their imitators, including the short-story magazines. The first of these, the Chap-Book, first published in 1894, was followed by a host of little magazines, many of which had only one issue, and less than a half-dozen of which now exist. The list (the installment covers A to F) gives the title, place, size, numbers issued, and indicates whether the publication has ceased, or still continues.

The proper issue by magazines of title-pages and indexes is the object of a crusade by this magazine, in behalf of the librarian. A list is given of periodicals which issue titles and indexes "improperly"-that is, in any other manner than stitched into the last number of a volume. The list includes most of the wellknown American and English magazines. CENTRALBLATT FUER BIBLIOTHEKSWESEN.

In the April number M. Manitius concludes his series of Unpublished Library Catalogues of the 14th century, giving, in this number, the catalogues of the Pruel, Indersdorf and Ranshofen Libraries.

August Reuter describes an interesting incunabulum which recently came to light in the Coblentz City Library, entitled Reports and Documents from the Italian Campaign of

Charles VIII. The Coblentz copy is defective, but two other complete copies of the work are extant, one in the Kgl. Paulinische Bibliothek, at Muenster, the other in the Munich Hof und Staatsbibliothek. No mark of place, printer or year is given, but the contents of the collection point to the year 1495 as the date of printing; the printer was probably Johann Koelhoff of Cologne. Letters of the king, decrees, part of a war journal, are contained in the work. These are topped off by amusing astrological prognostications, added, probably, to attract the buyer and give zest to the contents of the work.

Otto Hupp and Gottfried Zedler contribute new articles to the much-disputed problem of the Missale Speciale: Is it Gutenbergian or not? As a side issue they branch off into the allied question of whether or not Gutenberg knew the use of the steel punch and matrix.

Sven Hedin has recently made interesting discoveries of Chinese paper, to which the date of 265-270 A. D. is given by Himly, of Wiesbaden, the well-known connoisseur of Chinese antiquities. That the invention of paper originated with the Chinese-who have evidence to show that it was manufactured in their country in the second century, B. C.-has long been known, but Hedin's discovery of a number of Chinese manuscripts, found in a buried city in the sands of Gobi, gives new evidence on the use of this material.

The May number contains the Secondo contributo di notizie bibliografiche per una bibliografia dei codici mss. della Biblioteca Nazionale (gia Universitaria) di Torino. This is a continuation of A. Avetta's articles in the April and October Centralblatt, 1899.

An address delivered by Ferdinand Eichler at the last meeting of Philologists, on the collecting of bibliothecal data, is published in full. The idea is to classify all the material that can be gathered relating to libraries or collections that once existed or that still exist. Such matter would include catalogues, reports of gifts or additions to libraries, grants, deeds of buildings, etc. Culture history, as the Germans call it, would thus obtain valuable material, if a comprehensive view could be had, for instance, of what literature the monastery libraries of the 16th century contained, or the art libraries of a German university, or the collections of humanist scholars, or what the nobility or burgher classes laid stress upon in literature; and if the changing nature of libraries could be studied for the rise and fall of the spirit of scholasticism, humanism, reformation, etc.

Marie-Leontine-Catherine Pellechet, who died in Paris in 1900, one of the most remarkable women of the century, is the subject of an article by O. Hartwig. In the history of library matters, he says, this woman stands

alone. A born bibliographer-as her friend Bertrand, one of the Oratorians called her-her life presents a strange mixture of fiery patriotism, wide-spread charity work-for she was blessed with an abundance of earthly goodsand a passion for old manuscripts and incunabula. Her first work, a bibliography of the breviaries of the Dioceses of Autun, Chalon and Macon, was the beginning of many later missal studies, but she is best known for her monumental work, a General Catalogue of Incunabula of all the public libraries of France. For this material she traversed the land from end to end, refusing all remuneration for her exertions-it was all for her beloved France. The catalogue was left incomplete at her death but has been continued by her old friend, L. Polain, who recently issued the second volume.

CONNOISSEUR.

L. Ingleby Wood has a second paper on the Scottish pewterers. Many curious pieces of old pewter are described and pictured, including beggars' badges and communion tokens-which latter were given out by the ministers and elders to such people as were considered worthy of the communion, and had to be delivered before the person could partake of the communion.

Frederick Wedmore writes of Rembrandt's etchings, with some suggestions to the collector. The writer would confine himself to a collection of Rembrandt's portraits and landscapes, of which several are reproduced.

Roman Republican Denarii, as described by Percy H. Webb, seem an interesting "collectable." He gives some interesting historical information and reproductions of a number of coins.

The Early Genius of George Cruikshank is further treated of by Joseph Grego. The proof of a juvenile pledge card, signed "Designed & Etched by George Cruikshank, Total Abstainer from All Intoxicating Liquors, and Tobacco," is an interesting reproduction. Another is a water-color. Some of his famous series of

prints are described.

A list of first editions of the works of Walter Savage Landor in the possession of the Rev. R. E. H. Duke includes nine titles. There is no complete collection of Landor's first editions, not even in the British Museum.

CRITIC.

The collection recently presented to the Author's Club by Richard Henry Stoddard is described by Carolyn Shipman, with reproduc tions of several letters, a Cruikshank sketch and a portrait of Mrs. Browning. Two por traits of the late Mr. Stoddard, an early and a recent one, are also given.

CRAFTSMAN.

Ernest Crosby commences a study of Shakespeare's Working Classes, in which he takes exception to Browning's "Shakespeare was of us"-in sympathy with the common people. He picks out a large array of domestic servants, peasants, and artisans, from the plays, and emphasizes the fact that Shakespeare makes of them his buffoons and butts for the wits of his lords and ladies. Rarely does he draw a manly, dignified laborer. Loyalty is sometimes allowed him, but seldom intelligence. The paper is continued in the May number.

DEUTSCHE LITTERATURZEITUNG.

The issue of February 7th makes mention of a Catalogue of Drawings, Water Colors and Oil Studies contained in the Kgl. Nationalgallerie, Berlin. The catalogue, by Lionel von Donop, includes the names, alphabetically arranged, of more than five hundred artists whose works are to be found in the National Gallery. A short account of the life and work of each artist is also given. The catalogue and the collection together offer rich material for the study of modern German art.

A French work by Henri Omont, entitled French Archeological Missions to the Orient in the 17th and 18th centuries, is reviewed in the issue of February 24th. Omont describes the expeditions sent out by Louis XIV. and XV., especially the journey of the Dominican savant, Johann Michel Wansleben, to Egypt, Asia Minor and Constantinople, in 1671-1675. The list of antiquities sent home by this minister to the Bibliotheque Nationale occupies 73 pages and includes manuscripts, inscriptions coins. Under Louis XV. the academicians Sevin and Fourmont, in their expedition of 1728-1730, acquired many valuable Greek and Oriental manuscripts. Omont publishes documents and letters in connection with the missions and also gives many valuable notes and references.

In the issue of March 7th an elaborate work published by the Drugulin Co., of Leipzig, is described: "Milestones of the World's Literature." It was published for the five hundredth Gutenberg anniversary, to show what it is possible for a single printing house with private means to produce in the beginning of the twentieth century. The work invites comparison with the Gutenberg Album which came from the establishment of Vieweg & Son in 1840; the latter, however, was produced with type from various different establishments. The Drugulin work, containing characteristic specimens of literature of all nations from the Occident to the farthest Orient, is set up entirely with original type, a great deal of it being cut especially for this edition.

The April issue reprints in full the Report of the Advisory Committee on Bibliography, from the first Year Book of the Carnegie Institution. The committee consists of Mr. Herbert Putnam, Dr. Cyrus Adler, and Dr. J. S. Billings. The report is a brief survey of the field of bibliography and the work already completed or being done by societies and other bodies, with supplementary suggestions. The funds available for the coming year have already been pledged. The Index Medicus and Handbook to Learned Societies have been decided on for immediate action.

MCCLURE'S.

Hogarth is the subject of a paper by John La Farge, descriptive of his studies and methods, his style and its development, and his personality. Nine reproductions are given, of his paintings, portraits, and engravings.

MONATSBERICHTE UEBER KUNST UND KUNSTWISSENSCHAFT.

Eugene Muentz's French article, The Portrait in Early Christianity, is continued in the February number, with a study of portraiture as found in the tombs and monuments of Rome and Constantinople, in the fifth and sixth centuries. Contrary to general impression, iconographic sculpture is shown to have been more developed at Constantinople than at Rome. Ivory portraits in diptychs and metal portraits as found on shields, coins, etc., are also discussed. Two are reproduced in cuts.

The March number contains the fourth and last chapter of the series on portraiture. This chapter is devoted to mosaic portraits, especially of the saints, who were often pictured on the basilicas of the fifth century and down through the age of Charlemagne.

PENNSYLVANIA-GERMAN.

An account of the Rev. Gerhart Henkel and His Descendants, by the Rev. A. Stapleton, gives the history of the Henkel Press, founded in 1806 by Ambrose Henkel, at New Market, Va. The press is still in operation by his grandsons, Ambrose L. and Elon. Its issues have been in English and German, many of the latter being unknown and undescribed. The proceedings of the Southern Synods of the German Lutheran church were published there from 1806, in German. In 1807 a German weekly paper, Der Virginische Volksberichter was begun. these, a chronological list is given of such publications of the press as Mr. Stapleton has been able to find. Even the present firm has no record of the earlier publications. A portrait of Ambrose Henkel is given.

Beside

ZEITSCHRIFT FUER BUECHERFREUNDE.

In the March number Hans Boesch writes of the origin of the Stammbuch, the prototype of the modern autograph album. It grew out of the uncertain and war-like times of the 15th and 16th centuries when men sought to gather and fix all they could in regard to their family and origin. Coats-of-arms-not only of the nobility but also of craftsmen and tradespeople -and other family matters were carefully recorded in these lineage books. In time the books came to include the names and scutcheons of friends also, and became friendship books. A number of these 16th century forms are to be seen in the Germanisch Museum, Nuernberg. Elaborately decorated books gave place, in the 17th century, to plain ones to which one's friends were asked to contribute something original and characteristic. A memorial book that belonged to Johann Esaias Nilson, Augsburg painter and engraver, 1721

1788, is described and five pages are reproduced. E. W. Bredt contributes historical matter relating to Nuernberg miniaturists, J. Glockendon and Hans S. Beham, in particular. Five pages of a Nuernberg illuminated missal, with amusing variance between the sportive decorations and the devotional contents of the work, are reproduced in this article for the first time.

The Darmstadt Hofbibliothek contains three illuminated manuscripts of the Haggadah. Of these Dr. Adolf Schmidt gives a history and description.

Otto von Schleinitz describes and commends the catalogue of Babylonian and Assyrian antiquities in the British Museum. The catalogue, prepared by Wallis Burdge and W. King, contains besides various valuable notes on the collection, an account of the expedition sent to the Orient by the Museum.

Dr. Heinrich Berger contributes a short biography of Karl Dziatzko.

In the April number the leading article, illustrated by 13 cuts, is by H. A. L. Degener, on the John Rylands Memorial Library in Manchester. The library, built by his wife to the memory of John Rylands, is a continuation of Mr. Rylands's collection, for he had himself been an enthusiastic collector of rare books,especially of Bible editions and theological writings. Though the present library is still distinguished for its special collections of Bibles and theology works, Aldines and incunabula, it is intended primarily as a study library, being supplied with the fullest possible list of reference works in all branches of learning, except medicine and natural science. The building was nine years constructing. In 1892 Mrs. Rylands bought the Althorp-Spencer Library with its precious Caxtons, and in 1901 she added the famous manuscript collection of Lord Crawford. Of the 88 Caxtons now known to be existing the Rylands Library possesses 54; of block books it has over two thousand, and of Aldines over eight hundred.

Kurt Holm writes an appreciation of Hugo Hoeppener, the young book illustrator, known by the signature of "Fidus," twenty of whose illustrations are reproduced in this article. Rejecting all past attempts at tone and color as unsatisfactory, Hoeppener has now worked out into pure line drawing, which is to be seen at its best in his young boy and girl figures-always nude, as most of his figures are. Holm calls him an artist of the future, an artist of "long. ing." "What makes his work great is that even his smallest drawing is permeated by an Ewigkeitsgedanke"-a sense of eternity. Fidus' youthful dream was always to be a painter; it may be that he will yet reach his greatest heights in this field.

P. Ettinger discusses some of the good artistic work among modern Russian book-makers,

that stands out, oasis-like, from the deserts of banality.

Two new facsimile works are noticed, published by Heitz & Muendel, Strassburg. Both original works are block books, and being unique, are therefore difficult of access. The first, containing 26 pages of text and 24 plates, is of the Oracula Sibyllina-prophesies of the twelve sibyls. The original was printed about 1470-1475, being annotated by the monk Kemly who died 1477; the block book is preserved in the Stiftsbibliothek, St. Gallen.

The other work is a 50-page xylographic edition of the Biblia Pauperum, of 1470. There are 29 text illustrations and 50 plates in the reprint. Prof. W. L. Schreiber, the best connoisseur in block book literature, has furnished the introductory text for these works.

The May Zeitschrift is devoted to book binding. The leading article, by Otto Grautoff, entitled Modern Hand Binding, tells of German book binding in the past and present. It is only since the victories of the Franco-Prussian

war that bibliopegic art has had free air to grow in. When England, France and Italy were blossoming forth in their Maiolis, Groliers, de Thous, le Gascons, Wattons, Gibsons, etc., German art was almost killed out by the ravages of the Thirty Years' War and again by the wars in the beginning of the 19th century. Crippled from centuries of disuse, and deprived of all the help that tradition gives, the modern craft has had to work out its technique from the very beginning. It is with just pride that Germany can now point to the achievements of her present day binders. Works of W. Collin, Moritz Goehre, Georg Hulbe, Huebel & Denck, Gustav Jebsen, Paul Kersten, E. Ludwig, Wm. Rauch, furnish fifty interesting illustrations to this article.

Director Julius Leischung of the K. K. Oesterreichisches Museum, Bruenn, tells of the exhibition of book bindings in the museum, and Dr. Heinrich Pudor gives some notes on French leather bindings.

The Grolier Club of New York has been holding a book-binding exhibition of very unusual interest. At the first night's private view for members, Mr. J. P. Morgan's famous jewelled binding on a tenth century manuscript was displayed. The loan collection showed bindings in silver, gold, enamel, tortoise-shell, and many other coverings beside the conventional leather. An Annamese gold book, finely modelled in repoussé, with four pages measuring about five by ten inches, records an edict of Gya-Long, Emperor of Annam, in 1806. Silver bindings, and many handsome embroidered cases were shown, while the list of materials included Persian lacquer, iron, mother-of-pearl, ivory, horn, wood, colored beads strung on wires and woven in a pattern, wood, fish-skin, brass, velvet, and human skin, both black and white. On the second day of the exhibition, Mr. F. Hopkinson Smith gave a talk on the bindings in the collection.

In connection with the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the founding of New York

City, the New York Public Library is exhibiting at the Lenox building its collection of books, prints and manuscripts relating to the Dutch regime in the city. The original city charters granted in 1686 by Thomas Dongan, and in 1731 by John Montgomerie occupy the most prominent case, a silver box enclosing the Dongan seal still attached to the first charter. There is also a photograph of a letter written by P. Schaghen in 1626, telling of the purchase of Manhattan Island from the "wild-men" for sixty guilders-twenty-four dollars. A wealth of documents and early publications extends down to 1664, when the original Articles of Surrender showed the cession of the city to English rule. Stuyvesant's portrait, in a frame made from the pear tree he planted, and a number of early views of the city are noticeable. The earliest view, dated 1651, shows the city as it looked about 1630, and there are many prints of the city and of the old Dutch homes of the period. Beside these original sources, the modern literature of the period is well repre

sented.