Indonesia's Strategic Culture: Ketahanan Nasional, Wawasan Nusantara, and Hankamrata

Agung alliance archipelago areas Armed Forces army ASEAN countries Asian Australian Benny Moerdani Budi Utomo cent challenges China civilian colonial Commander communist conflicts confrontation against Malaysia country's Darul Islam Decline of Constitutional Defence and Security defence capability defence doctrine Dutch Dwi Fungsi East Java East Timor economic development ethnic groups external Feith Guided Democracy Guided Democracy period Hankamrata Hatta hostile important independence Indonesia's defence Indonesia's strategic culture Indonesian government Indonesian military Indonesian nationalism Indonesian nationalist Indonesian politics inward-looking Islam Jakarta Javanese KNIL liberal democracy major Malaysia military's Minister Modern Indonesia national resilience national security national unity neighbouring Netherlands North Sulawesi North Sumatra Order government organisation Pancasila particularly Party Pertahanan population PRRI/PERMESTA rebels regional cooperation regional rebellions regional resilience Republik Indonesia role Singapore South Moluccas strategic doctrine strategic outlook STUDY OF AUSTRALIA-ASIA Suharto Sukarno Sumatra territorial defence concept threats total people's United Wawasan Nusantara West Java ZOPFAN